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Laws of Planting on Shabbat
Laws of the Calendar
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A
The Gemara again rejects this contention:
No,
it is
a decree
issued by the Sages,
lest he draw
water
for his garden and for his ruin.
As the wheel draws up large quantities of water, once he starts to use it, he might draw water for his garden as well and thereby transgress the prohibition against watering on Shabbat, a subcategory of a prohibited labor. The Gemara relates that
Ameimar permitted
people
to draw
water on Shabbat
by
means of
a wheel in Meḥoza…
Eruvin 104a:24-25
§
It was stated
that the
amora’im
disputed the following question: With regard to
one who weeds or one who waters seedlings on Shabbat, for what
prohibited labor
do we forewarn him?
Judicial punishment may be administered to a sinner only if he has been forewarned by two witnesses prior to the commission of his offense. This forewarning must include the specific transgression being violated, and on Shabbat it must include the specific category of prohibited labor that the action involves.
Rabba said:
It is
due to
the prohibition against
plowing…
Moed Katan 2b:3
A
baraita
is taught
with regard to the prohibited labor of sowing:
One who sows, and one who prunes
the branches of vines to accelerate their growth,
and one who plants, and one who bends
the branch of a vine or a tree into the ground so that it takes root while still attached to the trunk,
and one who grafts
the branch of one tree onto another have
all
performed
one
type of
labor,
as they all stimulate plant growth. The Gemara asks:
What is
the
baraita
teaching us?
The Gemara explains:
This teaches us
that…
Shabbat 73b:3
A person who waters seeds [that have been planted] is liable for [performing a derivative of the forbidden labor of] sowing. Therefore, it is forbidden to draw water from a cistern using a pulley, lest one draw water for one's garden and one's ruin. On this basis, if a cistern with a pulley is located in one's courtyard, it is permitted to use the pulley to draw water.
Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 21:5
A person who sows even the slightest amount is liable. A person who prunes a tree so that it grows performs an activity resembling sowing. In contrast, watering plants and trees on the Sabbath is considered merely a derivative of sowing. One is liable for even the slightest amount. Similarly, one who soaks the seeds of wheat, barley, and the like in water [performs] a derivative of sowing and is liable for even the slightest amount.
Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 8:2
It is forbidden to draw water using a wheel. This is a rabbinic decree lest one come to water his garden or his ruins or uses it to soak flax. Therefore, if he has neither a garden, nor a ruin, nor a pool to soak flax, it is permitted. There are those who limit the prohibition to a big wheel that draws a lot of water without much effort. These are fixed wheels with many buckets around them. However, our wheels that only draw a bit are permitted, because there is no reason to worry.
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 338:6
Laws of the Calendar
דיני הלוח העברי
General Laws of Prohibited Work on Shabbat
Laws of Desecrating Shabbat for the Sake of Saving Lives
Rabbinical Shabbat Prohibitions
Laws of Shabbat Lights
Laws of Work Done on Shabbat
Main and Sub Categories of Work
Laws of Plowing on Shabbat
Laws of Planting on Shabbat
Laws of Reaping on Shabbat
Laws of Gathering on Shabbat
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