Integrative Avodah Work and Life and Uva L'tzion

Translations of עֲבוֹדָה (from Rav Google)


work, employment, labor, job, task, worship, labour, toil, service, divine service, occupation, profession, liturgy (better: ritual)

Integrative: serving to unify (לאחד) separate things

Mesillat Yesharim - מסילת ישרים‎‎, lit. "Path of the Upright"

Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (Translation from Adam Berger)

Introduction:

I have written this work not to teach men what they do not know, but to remind them what they already know and is very evident to them ... This is what Moshe our Teacher, may Peace be upon him, teaches us in saying:

(יב) ... מָ֚ה ה' אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ שֹׁאֵ֖ל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֣י אִם־לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־ה' אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ וּלְאַהֲבָ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־ה' אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃

(12) ...what does HaShem, your God require of you, but to fear/awe HaShem your God, to walk in all His ways, and to love Him, and to serve HaShem your God with all your heart/mind and with all your soul;

... "Walking in his ways" embodies the whole area of cultivation and correction of character traits. Our Sages of blessed memory have explained "As he is merciful, be also merciful...[Sotah 14a...]" Our Sages of blessed memory have thus summarized the idea:

(א) רַבִּי אוֹמֵר, אֵיזוֹהִי דֶרֶךְ יְשָׁרָה שֶׁיָּבוֹר לוֹ הָאָדָם, כֹּל שֶׁהִיא תִפְאֶרֶת לְעוֹשֶׂיהָ וְתִפְאֶרֶת לוֹ מִן הָאָדָם...

(ב) רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יְהוּדָה הַנָּשִׂיא אוֹמֵר, יָפֶה תַלְמוּד תּוֹרָה עִם דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ, שֶׁיְּגִיעַת שְׁנֵיהֶם מְשַׁכַּחַת עָוֹן. וְכָל תּוֹרָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ מְלָאכָה, סוֹפָהּ בְּטֵלָה וְגוֹרֶרֶת עָוֹן. וְכָל הָעֲמֵלִים עִם הַצִּבּוּר, יִהְיוּ עֲמֵלִים עִמָּהֶם לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם...

(1) Rabbi [Yehuda haNasi] said: Which is the straight path that a person should choose for himself? Whichever [path] that is [itself] praiseworthy for the person adopting [it], And praiseworthy to him from [other] people. ...

(2) Rabban Gamliel the son of Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi said: Excellent is the study of the Torah together with a worldly occupation; for the exertion [expended] in both of them causes sin to be forgotten. And all [study of the] Torah in the absence of a worldly occupation comes to nothing in the end and leads to sin. And all who work for the community, let them work for the [sake of the] name of Heaven...

(יא) ה֘וֹרֵ֤נִי ה' ׀ דַּרְכֶּ֗ךָ אֲהַלֵּ֥ךְ בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ יַחֵ֥ד לְ֝בָבִ֗י לְיִרְאָ֥ה שְׁמֶֽךָ׃

(11) Teach me Your way, HaShem, that I shall walk in Your truth; Unify my heart to fear/awe Your name.

"Love" - that there be implanted in a person's heart a love for the Blessed One which will arouse his soul to do what is pleasing before Him, just as his heart is aroused to give pleasure to his father and mother. He will be grieved if he or others are lacking in this; he will be jealous for it and he will rejoice greatly in fulfilling aught of it. "Whole-heartedness" - that service before the Blessed One [emphasis mine] be characterized by purity of motive, that its end be His service alone and nothing else. Included in this is that one's heart be complete in Divine service, that his interests not be divided or his observance mechanical, but that his whole heart/mind be devoted to it.

...

May God be with our aspirations and keep our feet from stumbling and may there be fulfilled in us the supplication of the Psalmist, beloved of his God (Tehillim 86:11): "Teach me Your way, HaShem, that I shall walk in Your truth; Unify my heart to fear/awe Your name." Amen, so may be His will.

(From the Introduction to the Ramchal's Mesillat Yesherim (Path of the Upright) translated by Adam Berger

The Chayei Adam (Chapter 143) writes, “It is appropriate that a person accustom himself daily to reciting the prayer that Dovid HaMelech himself recited (Tehillim 86:11) ‘Horeini ...etc (see above)”. Indeed, the Mesilas Yesharim concludes the entire introduction to his Sefer, by quoting this Pasuk-- with the prayer and brocha that we fulfill its very words.


Let us look at a typical day. We sometimes feel an abrupt break upon leaving Shul in the morning and evening, or upon closing a Sefer either after a shiur, at home, or while traveling to and from work. With the closing of the Siddur or Sefer, with the getting up out of our seat, as we walk out the door, we seem to be suddenly leaving one world and about to enter another very different one! Suddenly, cell phone calls have to be returned, important needs and tasks have to be fulfilled, and duties must be accomplished, in many cases immediately. How can we bridge the large expanse between the Olam Haba of Torah, Tefillah, and spiritual endeavors to the world of clients, customers, employees, shopping, carpools, and “rat-race” type activities? Perhaps this very Pasuk, taught to us by none other than Dovid HaMelech, provides that bridge.
Here is how. As we are about to leave Shul in the morning and before taking out the cell phone, after we have closed the Sefer before getting off the bus or train to begin a day’s work, or even just before you begin a menial, mundane, arduous, or unwanted task, try reciting this very Pasuk. Through this prayer, you are asking that whatever you do be purposeful to Hashem, and consequently to you. It can help to bridge that gap--to build that important bond--between the otherwise diverse parts of your daily life.

(http://www.hakhel.info/Nov06DailyEmail.html)

() אַהֲבָה רַבָּה .... וְיַחֵד לְבָבֵנוּ לְאַהֲבָה וּלְיִרְאָה אֶת שְׁמֶךָ....

(With great love...) ... Unify our hearts/minds to love and fear/awe Your Name

(ה) וְכֹ֣ל ׀ שִׂ֣יחַ הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה טֶ֚רֶם יִֽהְיֶ֣ה בָאָ֔רֶץ וְכָל־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה טֶ֣רֶם יִצְמָ֑ח כִּי֩ לֹ֨א הִמְטִ֜יר ה' אֱלֹהִים֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאָדָ֣ם אַ֔יִן לַֽעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃

(5) No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground;

Bereishit Chapters 1 & 2: Separation vs. Unification

(from a commentary by Rav Shimon Klein, Israel Koschitzky Virtual Beit Midrash)

“In the beginning God created…” – the root “b-r-a” (create) is related to the word ‘bar’ (meaning ‘a son’), or ‘outside’. The beginning point is defined as “son” or as “outside,” in relation to God’s primal existence. It is as if the text were saying, “In the beginning God ‘extracted’, ‘brought out’, ‘produced’, the heavens and the earth.” Like a son who emerges from or is produced by his father, separate from him, so the world “emerges” from God, separating from Him. Accordingly, the fundamental movement at the heart of the first chapter is one of separation. At first, God creates the heavens and the earth; the direct result of this is “formlessness and void,” a jumble of everything or – existence that is all a jumble. The action that is obviously required here is separation. And indeed, a process is set in motion that is essentially one separation after the next: “And God saw the light, that it was good, and God separated the light from the darkness” (1:4). The light had been mixed up with darkness, and God separated them. The naming of these two contrasting states – “light” and “darkness” – is also a sort of separation: “And God called the light ‘day’, and the darkness He called ‘night’.” The water is likewise separated: “And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the water, and let it separate water from water.” And once again they are separated: “And God made the firmament, and He separated the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament, and it was so.” There is water above, water below, and a firmament separating them. “And God said, Let the water under the heavens be gathered together to one place, and let the dry land appear; and it was so (1:9). At first, water covered the earth; now, the water is gathered together/separated. And so the chapter continues on the path of separation.

...It is remarkable that nowhere in the entire first chapter is there any description of any connection or reciprocity between different creations. There is no “Garden of Eden” to serve as a living space, nor any life system. ...

[In the second chapter...] we see the opposite movement: at the point of departure the elements are separate, and the basic act is one of connecting, weaving life, and in broader terms – the reciprocal relations between the different elements that together form a system of life. For example:

“And no plant of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet grown, for the Lord God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground” (2:5).

...

What is embodied in this transition from separation to connection? We might point to a simple place, existing in reality, in the nature of the world. The second chapter invites man to create, to join, to forge connections with the world outside of which he exists. This is not a simple step, for who can guarantee that the encounter with the other will not lead him astray from his faithful path? Perhaps he will lose his identity in the encounter with a foreign world? Indeed, there can be no successful formative encounter unless a critical previous stage has taken place. Only after man can answer his own question, “Who am I?” will he be capable of a genuine encounter with the other with no fear of losing his own personal world. This spiritual principle is expressed in many different ways, and it would seem that the Zohar formulates it well: “The side of holiness starts with separation and concludes with connection.... (Zohar, part II, 95a,)."

Commentaries on Avot 2:1-2

Mishna 1

"…Which is the right path that a man should choose for himself? That which is honorable to himself and brings him honor from man…."
Although action or deed is the final of the three garments of the soul, thought, speech and deed, and is the product of thought and speech, nevertheless, profound thought and a stirring speech are still not called honorable. True honor is only through correct action -- tiferet le'osey'ha -- literally "[brings] honor for one who does it". Hence the path of action is called the correct path which a man should choose.

Ma'amorim 5705, p.206

Mishnah 2

"..It is good [to combine] the study of Torah with an occupation, for the effort required by them both keeps sin out of mind; whereas all Torah-study not combined with work will in the end cease, and lead to sin…"

Torah study and prayer must be carried out with intellectual comprehension. When a study-period is over, or when a person finishes his prayers, the state of gadlus hamochin, "intellectual maturity," disappears, and is replaced by katnus hamochin, "intellectual immaturity," which gives rise to anger, strife and lashon hara. In order to avoid this, a person must engage himself in work. But Torah study unaccompanied by work will eventually lead to sin.

(Kesser Shem Tov 55b)

(ד) הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, עֲשֵׂה רְצוֹנוֹ כִּרְצוֹנֶךָ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה רְצוֹנְךָ כִּרְצוֹנוֹ. בַּטֵּל רְצוֹנְךָ מִפְּנֵי רְצוֹנוֹ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּבַטֵּל רְצוֹן אֲחֵרִים מִפְּנֵי רְצוֹנֶךָ.

(4) He [Rabban Gamliel son of Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi] was accustomed to say: Make His [God's] will like your will, so that He will make your will like His will. Nullify your will to His will, so that He will nullify the will of others to your will.

() מודים דרבנן: מודִים אֲנַחְנוּ לָךְ. שָׁאַתָּה הוּא ה' אֱלהֵינוּ וֵאלהֵי אֲבותֵינוּ. אֱלהֵי כָל בָּשר. יוצְרֵנוּ יוצֵר בְּרֵאשִׁית. בְּרָכות וְהודָאות לְשִׁמְךָ הַגָּדול וְהַקָּדושׁ. עַל שֶׁהֶחֱיִיתָנוּ וְקִיַּמְתָּנוּ. כֵּן תְּחַיֵּנוּ וּתְקַיְּמֵנוּ. וְתֶאֱסוף גָּלֻיּותֵינוּ לְחַצְרות קָדְשֶׁךָ. לִשְׁמור חֻקֶּיךָ. וְלַעֲשות רְצונֶךָ. וּלְעָבְדְךָ בְּלֵבָב שָׁלֵם. עַל שֶׁאֲנַחְנוּ מודִים לָךְ. בָּרוּךְ אֵל הַהודָאות:

[Thanksgiving of the Rabbis]: We are thankful to You, that You, HaShem, are our God and God of our ancestors, God of all flesh. Our Creator, Creator of the beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to your great and holy Name for keeping us alive and sustaining us; so may you always keep us alive and sustain us and gather our exiles to the courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes and do Your will, and to serve you wholeheartedly [mindfully] for we are thankful to You. Blessed is God to whom all thanks are due.

() וּבָא לְצִיּון ...

בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֱלהֵינוּ שֶׁבְּרָאָנוּ לִכְבודו. וְהִבְדִּילָנוּ מִן הַתּועִים. וְנָתַן לָנוּ תּורַת אֱמֶת. וְחַיֵּי עולָם נָטַע בְּתוכֵנוּ. הוּא יִפְתַּח לִבֵּנוּ בְּתורָתו. וְיָשֵׂם בְּלִבֵּנוּ אַהֲבָתו וְיִרְאָתו וְלַעֲשׂות רְצונו וּלְעָבְדו בְּלֵבָב שָׁלֵם. לְמַעַן לא נִיגַע לָרִיק וְלא נֵלֵד לַבֶּהָלָה:...

... Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory and set us apart from those who go astray; and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart/mind love and fear/awe-of him to do his will and serve him wholeheartedly [mindfully] so that we shall not labor in vain and give birth to confusion [panic].

(ט) וְאַתָּ֣ה שְׁלֹמֹֽה־בְנִ֡י דַּע֩ אֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֨י אָבִ֜יךָ וְעָבְדֵ֗הוּ בְּלֵ֤ב שָׁלֵם֙ וּבְנֶ֣פֶשׁ חֲפֵצָ֔ה כִּ֤י כָל־לְבָבוֹת֙ דּוֹרֵ֣שׁ ה' וְכָל־יֵ֥צֶר מַחֲשָׁב֖וֹת מֵבִ֑ין אִֽם־תִּדְרְשֶׁ֙נּוּ֙ יִמָּ֣צֵא לָ֔ךְ וְאִם־תַּֽעַזְבֶ֖נּוּ יַזְנִיחֲךָ֥ לָעַֽד׃

9) And you, my son Solomon, know the God of your father and worship Him wholeheartedly and with an eager soul, for the Lord seeks all hearts, and He understands the thoughts of every creation; if you seek Him, He will be found to you, and if you forsake Him, He will abandon you forever.

בלב שלם . בלבב שלם לא נאמר שיהא משמע שני לבבות אלא בלב שלם שלא יהיה לך אלא לבב אחד לאבינו שבשמים וכן יסד הפייט ( בקדושתא דמוסף של יום א' דר"ה ) שני לבבות לך כאחד לאחד , ודוגמתו ( מלכים א' ח' ) והיה לבבכם שלם עם ה' אלהינו שלמים לא כתיב אלא שלם כל שני לבותם יהיו לב א' שלם וכן מפורש בב"ר וסעדו לבכם אחר תעבורו ( בראשית י"ח ) מלמד שאין למלאכים אלא לב אחד וגם לעתיד לבא יהיה כן כדכתיב שיתו לבכם לחילה ( תהלים מ"ח ) :

[serve Him with] a whole heart: Heb. בְּלֵב שָׁלֵם. It is not stated בְּלֵבָב שָׁלֵם, which would mean two hearts, but בְּלֵב שָׁלֵם, that you shall have but one heart for our Father Who is in heaven. And so did the liturgical poet set down (in the Kedushah of Musaph of the first day of Rosh Hashanah): “You have two hearts like one for the One.” Similar to this, [we find in] (I Kings 8:61): “Let your heart [therefore] be whole (שָׁלֵם) with the Lord our God.” It is not written שְׁלֵמִים but שָׁלֵם : your two hearts will be one whole heart. And so it is explained (Gen. 18:5): “… and refresh your heart (לִבְּכֶם) , afterwards you may pass on.” This teaches us that the angels have only one heart, and also in the future it will be so, as it is written: (Ps. 48:14): “Give heed (לִבְּכֶם lit., your heart) to its walls.”

(יט) וְלִשְׁלֹמֹ֣ה בְנִ֗י תֵּ֚ן לֵבָ֣ב שָׁלֵ֔ם לִשְׁמוֹר֙ מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ עֵדְוֺתֶ֖יךָ וְחֻקֶּ֑יךָ וְלַעֲשׂ֣וֹת הַכֹּ֔ל וְלִבְנ֖וֹת הַבִּירָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־הֲכִינֽוֹתִי׃ (פ)

(19) and give unto Solomon my son a whole heart, to keep Thy commandments, Thy testimonies, and Thy statutes, and to do all these things, and to build the palace, for which I have made, provision.’

ולשלמה בני תן לבב שלם . להכין לבבו שלם עם אלהיו לשמור מצותיו וגו' וכן בקש שלמה יהי ה' אלהינו עמנו עד והיה לבבכם שלם ( מלכים א' ח' ) :

and give unto Solomon my son a whole/perfect heart:to prepare his heart to be perfect [unified] with his God, to keep His commandments, etc., and so did Solomon request (I Kings 8:57-61): “May the Lord our God be with us…therefore be wholehearted.

(ט) וַיְצַ֥ו עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֤ה תַעֲשׂוּן֙ בְּיִרְאַ֣ת ה' בֶּאֱמוּנָ֖ה וּבְלֵבָ֥ב שָׁלֵֽם׃

(9) And he [Jehosephat] charged them [the judges], saying: ‘So shall you do in the fear of HaShem faithfully, and wholeheartedly.

From a commentary by Rabbi Yirmiyohu Kaganoff:

http://rabbikaganoff.com/tag/uva-letzion/

...

We are about to complete our morning daily prayers, with which we hope to establish the “Torah-ness” of our day, and now we are embarking on our daily struggle for financial survival. Immediately prior to beginning this effort, we should be reminded that there will be a future redemption in which we are assured participation, provided that we maintain cognizance of our responsibility to Hashem (Hirsch).
...

Closing of Uva Letziyon

After we recite the Kedusha, we recite a verse from Divrei Hayamim to verbalize the request that the recital of Kedusha bring us closer to Hashem and repair our hearts. We then include prayers for Divine assistance in learning to fear Hashem.

This last request raises a question: How can we ask Hashem to help us fear Him? After all, everything is in G-d’s hands except for the fear of G-d, which is in our hands. Thus, this is the one item that we should not ask from Hashem, but should assume responsibility for, ourselves!

The answer is that we ask Hashem for His assistance in our learning to fear Him – we start on the road and request His help in continuing (Avudraham). As the Midrash states, “Hashem said to Israel: ‘My sons, merely open for me an opening for teshuvah as large as the eye of a needle, and I will expand for you openings wide enough for wagons to drive through'” (Shir Hashirim Rabba 5:2).

שיהא קורא ושונה ומשמש תלמידי חכמים, ויהא משאו ומתנו בנחת עם הבריות, מה הבריות אומרות עליו - אשרי אביו שלמדו תורה, אשרי רבו שלמדו תורה. אוי להם לבריות שלא למדו תורה, פלוני שלמדו תורה...

If a person studies Scripture and Mishnah, and attends on the disciples of the wise, is honest in business, and speaks pleasantly to people, what do people then say concerning them? ‘Happy is the parent who taught that person Torah, happy is the teacher who taught that person Torah...