Loss in the Torah: the Biblical Sources
(ב) וַתָּ֣מָת שָׂרָ֗ה בְּקִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע הִ֥וא חֶבְר֖וֹן בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן וַיָּבֹא֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם לִסְפֹּ֥ד לְשָׂרָ֖ה וְלִבְכֹּתָֽהּ׃

(2) And Sarah died in Kiriatharba—the same is Hebron—in the land of Canaan; and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.

1) According to the text, Avraham mourns for Sarah in two different ways - what are they?

2) Which two Hebrew words describe those ways of mourning?

3) Explain the difference between the two words

4) What important act does Avraham carry out immediately after this verse and for the majority of the chapter?

(לד) וַיִּקְרַ֤ע יַעֲקֹב֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם שַׂ֖ק בְּמָתְנָ֑יו וַיִּתְאַבֵּ֥ל עַל־בְּנ֖וֹ יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים׃

(34) And Jacob rent his garments, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days.

5) What are the two additional rituals we learn about from this text?

6) Today, when do we practice these rituals?

(כט) וַיִּרְאוּ כָּל הָעֵדָה כִּי גָוַע אַהֲרֹן וַיִּבְכּוּ אֶת אַהֲרֹן שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם כֹּל בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל.

(29) And when all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead, they wept for Aaron thirty days, even all the house of Israel.

7) What do we learn from this text?

8) Why do you think they mourned for Aaron for 30 days?

9) How is 30 days connected to today's mourning rituals?

(י) וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ עַד־גֹּ֣רֶן הָאָטָ֗ד אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיִּ֨סְפְּדוּ־שָׁ֔ם מִסְפֵּ֛ד גָּד֥וֹל וְכָבֵ֖ד מְאֹ֑ד וַיַּ֧עַשׂ לְאָבִ֛יו אֵ֖בֶל שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃

(10) And they came to the threshing-floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they wailed with a very great and sore wailing; and he made a mourning for his father seven days.

10) Which two Hebrew words are mentioned in connection with the mourning?

11) What is the difference between the two words?

12) Which ritual is introduced in this text?

13) What advantages can you see in this ritual?