Tehillim 27- לדוד ה
קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יי חֲ֭זַק וְיַאֲמֵ֣ץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יי׃
Look to the LORD; be strong and of good courage! O look to the LORD!
(א) חזק ויאמץ לבך - פועל יוצא, והטעם כי השם יאמץ לבך.

Ibn Ezra claims that when you have faith in G-d, in turn he will strengthen your faith.

Does this idea make sense?

What are other examples of G-d reciprocating when we do something?

לְדָוִ֨ד ׀ יי ׀ אוֹרִ֣י וְ֭יִשְׁעִי מִמִּ֣י אִירָ֑א יי מָֽעוֹז־חַ֝יַּ֗י מִמִּ֥י אֶפְחָֽד׃
Of David. The LORD is my light and my help; whom should I fear? The LORD is the stronghold of my life, whom should I dread?
רבנן פתרין קרא בראש השנה ויום הכפורים. אורי, בר"ה וישעי, ביוה"כ...

Our Sages teach regarding Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, G-d is my light on Rosh Hashanah and my salvation on Yom Kippur...

The words אורי and ישעי are attributed to be referring about Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur respectively. What are the different aspects of Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur? How are we supposed to be relating to G-d during this time period. Do we relate to G-d differently on the different festivals?

יי אורי, היראה הוא מדבר ידוע והפחד הוא מדבר בלתי ידוע, ואשר יתירא אדם מאויבים גלוים הלוחמים אתו נקרא יראה, ונגד זה אמר

"The LORD is my light." Yirah is from something that is known, and pahad is from something unknown. When a person is fearful from revealed enemies who battle with him, that is called yirah.

Malbim explains that אורי is when G-d saves us from enemies that we cannot see, whilst ישעי are enemies that we can see. What are examples in our lives of "enemies" (spiritual or physical) that we can or cannot see?

בִּקְרֹ֤ב עָלַ֨י ׀ מְרֵעִים֮ לֶאֱכֹ֪ל אֶת־בְּשָׂ֫רִ֥י צָרַ֣י וְאֹיְבַ֣י לִ֑י הֵ֖מָּה כָשְׁל֣וּ וְנָפָֽלוּ׃

When evil men assail me to devour my flesh— it is they, my foes and my enemies, who stumble and fall.

On Zombies & Psalm 27

Obviously.... the biblical authors [were not] thinking about zombies when they crafted Psalm 27. Yet they use לֶאֱכֹל אֶת־בְּשָׂרִי (l’ekhol et b’sari - to devour flesh) as an example of מִמִּי אִירָא (mimi ira’)and מִמִּי אֶפְחָד (mimi ephḥad), those whom we should fear and dread. It is a dramatic, nightmarish foil to the redemptive focus of the Psalm, God as אוֹרִי וְיִשְׁעִי (Ohri v’yish’i), our light and help, our מָעוֹז־חַיַּי (Maoz Ḥaiyai), our stronghold. Still, every morning, I recite this Psalm and for a few desperate and distracted moments envision every fear, every flaw, and every failure of the past year coming to life as animated corpses, zombies hungry for my flesh.

And why shouldn’t I? As I engage in ḥeshbon ha’nefesh, the “accounting of the soul” before the High Holy Days, these fears, flaws, and failures eat away at me. It is a common enough expression in English — how often we describe our guilt, our jealousy, and our anger and say: It’s eating me up inside!....

So too I believe that the language here, in our Psalm, should be understood as equally morbid and just as intentional. Even before Night of the Living Dead painted the metaphor in broad strokes, being called a zombie was the cultural equivalent of being called brainwashed or propagandized, a way of describing those who cannot or will not think for themselves. What could be more true? My enemy daily draws near to consume my flesh! My enemies are conformity, consumerism, and the quickness with which I cast aspersions on the character of my fellows simply so I can feel better about myself.

Rabbi Jessica Minnen

What are your thoughts on Rabbi Jessica Minnen's interpretation?

What is something that "devours" you? How could you overcome it?

אִם־תַּחֲנֶ֬ה עָלַ֨י ׀ מַחֲנֶה֮ לֹֽא־יִירָ֪א לִ֫בִּ֥י אִם־תָּק֣וּם עָ֭לַי מִלְחָמָ֑ה בְּ֝זֹ֗את אֲנִ֣י בוֹטֵֽחַ׃
Should an army besiege me, my heart would have no fear; should war beset me, still would I be confident.
אַחַ֤ת ׀ שָׁאַ֣לְתִּי מֵֽאֵת־יי אוֹתָ֪הּ אֲבַ֫קֵּ֥שׁ שִׁבְתִּ֣י בְּבֵית־יי כָּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיַּ֑י לַחֲז֥וֹת בְּנֹֽעַם־יי וּלְבַקֵּ֥ר בְּהֵיכָלֽוֹ׃
One thing I ask of the LORD, only that do I seek: to live in the house of the LORD all the days of my life, to gaze upon the beauty of the LORD, to frequent His temple.

Why does דוד only ask one thing?

At first glance, there is something slightly disingenuous about this request, which we will be making every day for the next month a half in our daily recitation is לדוד ה׳אורי. Is it really possible to ask to be perpetually בבית ה? We subsequently ask for permission to “visit” the hechal regularly. If Dovid asked to be constantly present in בית ה, then why the need to visit? Perhaps this "inconsistency" actually renders the request realistic. If we are successful in creating a routine of regular "visits" then the net impact will be to create a sense that everything we do is בבית ה.

What are ways that we can create those "visits" of G-d in our lives so that ultimately we might feel like we are perpetually in G-d's home?

Malbim explains that a שאלה is an expressed request, while a בקשה is an internal desire. If G-d is able to know our thoughts why is it important to verbally express our desires and wants?

(ה) כִּ֤י יִצְפְּנֵ֨נִי ׀ בְּסֻכֹּה֮ בְּי֪וֹם רָ֫עָ֥ה יַ֭סְתִּרֵנִי בְּסֵ֣תֶר אָהֳל֑וֹ בְּ֝צ֗וּר יְרוֹמְמֵֽנִי׃ (ו) וְעַתָּ֨ה יָר֪וּם רֹאשִׁ֡י עַ֤ל אֹֽיְבַ֬י סְֽבִיבוֹתַ֗י וְאֶזְבְּחָ֣ה בְ֭אָהֳלוֹ זִבְחֵ֣י תְרוּעָ֑ה אָשִׁ֥ירָה וַ֝אֲזַמְּרָ֗ה לַיי׃ (ז) שְׁמַע־יי קוֹלִ֥י אֶקְרָ֗א וְחָנֵּ֥נִי וַעֲנֵֽנִי׃
(5) He will shelter me in His pavilion on an evil day, grant me the protection of His tent, raise me high upon a rock. (6) Now is my head high over my enemies roundabout; I sacrifice in His tent with shouts of joy, singing and chanting a hymn to the LORD. (7) Hear, O LORD, when I cry aloud; have mercy on me, answer me.
(ח) לְךָ֤ ׀ אָמַ֣ר לִ֭בִּי בַּקְּשׁ֣וּ פָנָ֑י אֶת־פָּנֶ֖יךָ יי אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃
(8) In Your behalf my heart says: “Seek My face!” O LORD, I seek Your face.
(ט) אַל־תַּסְתֵּ֬ר פָּנֶ֨יךָ ׀ מִמֶּנִּי֮ אַֽל־תַּט־בְּאַ֗ף עַ֫בְדֶּ֥ךָ עֶזְרָתִ֥י הָיִ֑יתָ אַֽל־תִּטְּשֵׁ֥נִי וְאַל־תַּֽ֝עַזְבֵ֗נִי אֱלֹקֵ֥י יִשְׁעִֽי׃
(9) Do not hide Your face from me; do not thrust aside Your servant in anger; You have ever been my help. Do not forsake me, do not abandon me, O God, my deliverer.
כִּי־אָבִ֣י וְאִמִּ֣י עֲזָב֑וּנִי וַֽיי יַֽאַסְפֵֽנִי׃
Though my father and mother abandon me, the LORD will take me in.
ה֤וֹרֵ֥נִי יי דַּ֫רְכֶּ֥ךָ וּ֭נְחֵנִי בְּאֹ֣רַח מִישׁ֑וֹר לְ֝מַ֗עַן שׁוֹרְרָֽי׃
Show me Your way, O LORD, and lead me on a level path because of my watchful foes.
אַֽל־תִּ֭תְּנֵנִי בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁ צָרָ֑י כִּ֥י קָֽמוּ־בִ֥י עֵֽדֵי־שֶׁ֝֗קֶר וִיפֵ֥חַ חָמָֽס׃
Do not subject me to the will of my foes, for false witnesses and unjust accusers have appeared against me.
לׅׄוּלֵׅׄ֗אׅׄ הֶ֭אֱמַנְתִּי לִרְא֥וֹת בְּֽטוּב־יי בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃
Had I not the assurance that I would enjoy the goodness of the LORD in the land of the living…

What is the change of tone in the second half of the Perek (pasuk 9-13)?

How would you describe the speaker of the perek in the first half vs the second half?

Which half do you identify with more?

קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יי חֲ֭זַק וְיַאֲמֵ֣ץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יי׃
Look to the LORD; be strong and of good courage! O look to the LORD!

How does this conclusion connect the themes of the two halves of the perek?