All in this together... loving your neighbour as civic responsibility
'Not hating' versus 'loving'

(יז) לֹֽא־תִשְׂנָ֥א אֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ הוֹכֵ֤חַ תּוֹכִ֙יחַ֙ אֶת־עֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֥א עָלָ֖יו חֵֽטְא׃ (יח) לֹֽא־תִקֹּ֤ם וְלֹֽא־תִטֹּר֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ לְרֵעֲךָ֖ כָּמ֑וֹךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃

(17) Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart; thou shalt surely rebuke thy neighbour, and not bear sin because of him. (18) Thou shalt not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.

  • What is 'not hating your brother in your heart'?
  • What is 'loving your neighbour'?
  • Is it more effective to make laws based on one than the other? Why?
Sinking ship

כך הן ישראל, אחד מהן חוטא וכולן מרגישין. (במדבר טז): האיש אחד יחטא תני רשב"י: משל לבני אדם, שהיו יושבין בספינה נטל אחד מהן מקדח והתחיל קודח תחתיו. אמרו לו חבריו: מה אתה יושב ועושה?! אמר להם: מה אכפת לכם לא תחתי אני קודח?! אמרו לו: שהמים עולין ומציפין עלינו את הספינה.

When one man sins will you be angry with the whole community?” (Numbers 16:22) Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai taught: This may be compared to the case of men on a ship, one of whom took a borer and began boring beneath his own place. His fellow travellers said to him: “What are you doing?” Said he to them: “What does that matter to you? Am I not boring under my own seat? Said they: “But the water will come up and flood the ship for all of us!

Rooftop accident

(ח) כִּ֤י תִבְנֶה֙ בַּ֣יִת חָדָ֔שׁ וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ מַעֲקֶ֖ה לְגַגֶּ֑ךָ וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂ֤ים דָּמִים֙ בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־יִפֹּ֥ל הַנֹּפֵ֖ל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ (ס)

(8) When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a parapet for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence.

  • What’s the difference between 'sinking ship' and 'rooftop accident'?
  • What are the implications for law-makers?
Do as you would be done by

והכתיב (ויקרא יט, יח) לא תקום ולא תטור ההוא בממון הוא דכתיב דתניא איזו היא נקימה ואיזו היא נטירה

נקימה אמר לו השאילני מגלך אמר לו לאו למחר אמר לו הוא השאילני קרדומך אמר לו איני משאילך כדרך שלא השאלתני זו היא נקימה

ואיזו היא נטירה א"ל השאילני קרדומך אמר ליה לא למחר א"ל השאילני חלוקך אמר לו הילך איני כמותך שלא השאלתני זו היא נטירה

It says “you shall not take vengeance, nor bear a grudge”. (Leviticus 19:18)

Revenge is illustrated by the following example.

One said to his fellow “Lend me your sickle.” And he said “No”. The next day, he [the one who had refused to lend the sickle] said to the other person “Lend me your axe.” If he said to him “I will not lend to you just as you did not lend to me. That is revenge.

What is bearing a grudge?

If one said to his fellow: “Lend me your axe” and he said “No”. And the next day, he [the one who had refused to lend his axe] said to the other man “Lend me your robe.” If the first one said to him “Here it is. I am not like you who would not lend to me.” That is bearing a grudge.

  • If you do the right thing, should it matter how you feel about it?
  • Should law-makers try to make people feel the right way as well as behave the right way? How could they do that?