Mishnah, Pirkei Avot 5:1
משנה פרקי אבות, ה:א
א) בַּעֲשָׂרָה מַאֲמָרוֹת נִבְרָא הָעוֹלָם. וּמַה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר, וַהֲלֹא בְמַאֲמָר אֶחָד יָכוֹל לְהִבָּרְאוֹת, אֶלָּא לְהִפָּרַע מִן הָרְשָׁעִים שֶׁמְּאַבְּדִין אֶת הָעוֹלָם שֶׁנִּבְרָא בַּעֲשָׂרָה מַאֲמָרוֹת, וְלִתֵּן שָׂכָר טוֹב לַצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁמְּקַיְּמִין אֶת הָעוֹלָם שֶׁנִּבְרָא בַּעֲשָׂרָה מַאֲמָרוֹת:
By ten acts of speech was the world made. And what does Scripture mean [by having G-d say "say" ten times]? And is it not so that with a single act of speech [the world] could have been brought into being? But it is to exact punishment from the wicked, who destroy a world which was created through ten acts of speech, and to secure a reward for the righteous, who sustain a world which was created through ten acts of speech. [Translation by Jacob Neusner]

Suggested Discussion Questions:

Can you think of modern examples?

How do the wicked destroy the world?

How do the righteous sustain it?

How are the wicked punished?

Time Period: Rabbinic (Maccabees through the Talmud)