The Slave (Eved) as a member of the Master's Household
The Slave (Eved) as a member of the Master's Household
(10) No lay person shall eat of the sacred donations. No bound or hired laborer of a priest shall eat of the sacred donations; (11) but a person who is a priest’s property by purchase may eat of them; and those that are born into his household may eat of his food.
Slaves (Leviticus 25:35-55)
Lev. 25:35-38 - Impoverished Israelite becomes a tenant on his own land
Slaves (Leviticus 25:35-55)
Lev. 25:39-43 Impoverished Israelite who sells himself into slavery is to be treated not as a slave but as a hired laborer, He and his family serve until the Jubilee.See Exodus 21:1-6 and Deut. 15:12-18 which set 6 years as limit of service.
Slaves (Leviticus 25:35-55)
Lev. 25:44-46 Non-Israelite Slaves - both male (eved) and female (amah) - are property - can be inherited - not so with Israelite slaves
Slaves (Leviticus 25:35-55)
Lev. 25:47-55 Redemption of an Israelite who sells himself to a Ger Toshav
Lev. 25:47-48 - Right to Redemption
Lev. 25:48 - Can redeem himself or be redeemed by a relative
Lev. 25:49-53 - If redeemed by a relative, he serves the relative until the Jubilee, or, if he prospers, he redeems himself with payment adjusted by the years remaining until the Jubilee
Lev. 25:54 He and his children are set free in th eJubilee year
Lev. 25:55 All Israelites are Avadim (Slaves/ Servants) of God
Exodus 21; 1-11 Hebrew Slave (Eved Ivri)
Ex. 21:1-2 Slave serves for 6 years and is freed in the 7th
Ex. 21:3-4 If single, leaves single; if married, leaves married; if given a wife belonging to master, wife and children remain with master
Ex. 21:5-6 Slave who wishes to remain with Master - ceremony of piercing the ear
Ex. 21:7-11 Female Israelite slave - status of a wife
Deuteronomy 15:12-18 Hebrew Slave (Eved Ivri)
Deut: 15:12 Male and female Israelites serve 6 years and are set free on the 7th.
Deut: 15:12-14 When set free they are to be well provisioned
Deut. 15:15 Reminder of being slaves in Egypt
Deut: 15:16-18 The slave who wishes to remain with his/her master - ceremony of piercing the ear.
(יב) כִּֽי־יִמָּכֵ֨ר לְךָ֜ אָחִ֣יךָ הָֽעִבְרִ֗י א֚וֹ הָֽעִבְרִיָּ֔ה וַעֲבָֽדְךָ֖ שֵׁ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֑ים וּבַשָּׁנָה֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ת תְּשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ חָפְשִׁ֖י מֵעִמָּֽךְ׃ (יג) וְכִֽי־תְשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ חָפְשִׁ֖י מֵֽעִמָּ֑ךְ לֹ֥א תְשַׁלְּחֶ֖נּוּ רֵיקָֽם׃ (יד) הַעֲנֵ֤יק תַּעֲנִיק֙ ל֔וֹ מִצֹּ֣אנְךָ֔ וּמִֽגָּרְנְךָ֖ וּמִיִּקְבֶ֑ךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר בֵּרַכְךָ֛ ה' אֱלֹקֶ֖יךָ תִּתֶּן־לֽוֹ׃ (טו) וְזָכַרְתָּ֗ כִּ֣י עֶ֤בֶד הָיִ֙יתָ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ֖ ה' אֱלֹקֶ֑יךָ עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה הַיּֽוֹם׃ (טז) וְהָיָה֙ כִּֽי־יֹאמַ֣ר אֵלֶ֔יךָ לֹ֥א אֵצֵ֖א מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֤י אֲהֵֽבְךָ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ כִּי־ט֥וֹב ל֖וֹ עִמָּֽךְ׃ (יז) וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ אֶת־הַמַּרְצֵ֗עַ וְנָתַתָּ֤ה בְאָזְנוֹ֙ וּבַדֶּ֔לֶת וְהָיָ֥ה לְךָ֖ עֶ֣בֶד עוֹלָ֑ם וְאַ֥ף לַאֲמָתְךָ֖ תַּעֲשֶׂה־כֵּֽן׃ (יח) לֹא־יִקְשֶׁ֣ה בְעֵינֶ֗ךָ בְּשַׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֙ אֹת֤וֹ חָפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעִמָּ֔ךְ כִּ֗י מִשְׁנֶה֙ שְׂכַ֣ר שָׂכִ֔יר עֲבָֽדְךָ֖ שֵׁ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֑ים וּבֵֽרַכְךָ֙ ה' אֱלֹקֶ֔יךָ בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶֽׂה׃ (פ)
Exodus 21: 28-32 Value of a Slave = 30 Silver Shekels
Exodus 21:26 -27 Slave is set free on account of bodily injury caused by master
Deut 23:16-17 Fugitive Slaves are not to be returned to their masters but allowed to settle where the slave takes refuge
1 Kings 2:39-40 Fugitive Slaves are not given refugee in neighboring lands
Slaves observe Shabbat - Exodus 20:10; 23:12 Deuteronomy 5:14-15
Slaves Celebrate the Festivals
Punishment for Killing a Slave is similar to punishment for killing a free person
Slaves are to be circumcised
Instances in which slaves hold property
Jeremiah 34:8-22 Jeremiah condemns Zedekiah and the people of Jerusalem from re-enslaving freed Hebrew Slaves.
Ezra 2:64-65 Returnees from Babylon Include Slaves (see also Nehemiah 7:66-68)