Jerusalem Talmud Bava Batra 1:4

משנה: כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ לִבְנוֹת בֵּית שַׁעַר וְדֶלֶת לֶחָצֵר. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר לֹא כָל־הַחֲצֵירוֹת רְאוּיוֹת לְבֵית שַׁעַר. כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ לִבְנוֹת לָעִיר חוֹמָה וּדְלָתַיִם וּבְרִיחַ. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר לֹא כָל־הָעֲייָרוֹת רְאוּיוֹת לְחוֹמָה. כַּמָּה יְהֵא בָעִיר וִיהֵא כְאַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר. שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חוֹדֶשׁ. קָנָה בָהּ בֵּית דִּירָה הֲרֵי הוּא כְאַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר מִיַּד. MISHNAH: One forces him to build a porter’s lodge and a door for the courtyard³⁷Any owner of one of the houses opening to the courtyard can take the other owners to court and have them contribute their fair share to the building and maintenance of a secure entrance to the courtyard. According to Tosephta Bava meṣi‘a 11:17, the condominium can force an absentee landlord to contribute to this but to nothing else.. Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, not all courtyards are appropriate for a porter’s lodge. One forces³⁸The town administration can force contributions from all property owners to projects concerning their common safety. him to build a wall for the town with double doors and bolt. Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, not all towns³⁹Villages usually are unwalled. are appropriate for a wall. How long does he have to stay in a town to be like an inhabitant of the town⁴⁰To be a local taxpayer.? Twelve months; if he bought an apartment he immediately is an inhabitant of the town.

הלכה: כּוֹפִין אוֹתוֹ לִבְנוֹת כול׳. אָמַר רִבִּי לָא. כֵּינִי. אוֹרְחָא דְּמָאן דְּמִתְפַּרְנֵס מַבְנֵי לֵיהּ שׁוּר. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר הוֹן עָשִׁיר קִרְיַת עוּזּוֹ וגו׳. תַּנֵּי. שָׁהָה שָׁם שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם הֲרֵי הוּא כְאַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר לְקוּפָּה. לִכְסוּת שִׁשָּׁה חֳדָשִׁים. לְפִסִים וּלְזִימִיּוֹת שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חוֹדֶשׁ. וּבָתָר כָּל־הִלֵּין מִילִּין אִיתְמַר לְפִסִים וּלְזִימִיּוֹת י̇ב̇ חוֹדֶשׁ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן. לְחִיטֵּי הַפֶּסַח בֵּין לִישָּׂא בֵין לִיתֵּן. HALAKHAH: “One forces him to build,” etc. Rebbi La said: So it is; the way of a provident person is to build himself a wall, as it is said⁴¹Proverbs.10.15">Prov. 10:15.: “The wealth of the rich is the fortification of his might, etc.” It was stated⁴²Similar, but materially different, texts are in Peah 8:6:8" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Peah.8.6.8">Peah 8:7 (Notes 105–106), Tosephta Peah 4:9.: “If he stayed there for thirty days he is like the townspeople for the charity chest, for clothing six months, for assessments⁴³For imperial taxes imposed on the locality as a lump sum. and penalties⁴⁴Greek ζημία; cf. Peah 1:1:18" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Peah.1.1.18">Peah 1:1, Note 84. These are extraordinary taxes imposed by the imperial government. twelve months.” After all these, was twelve months said only for assessments and penalties? Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said for Passover wheat, both to take and to give^44*12 months are required both to be subject to the local tax to supply the needs of the local poor for Passover (Pesachim 10:1:1-14" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Pesachim.10.1.1-14">Mishnah Pesaḥim 10:1) or to receive welfare support in this matter..