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Make an opening for daylight in the ark, and terminate it within a cubit of the top. Put the entrance to the ark in its side; make it with bottom, second, and third decks.

A LIGHT. Tzohar (a light) means an opening through which light would enter. It comes from the same root as tzohorayim (noon). The opening was made in the usual place, on top of the ark. Scripture tells us that the top of the ark was a cubit in length. We gather from this that it was a sixth of a cubit wide. The ark was triangular in shape. Its top came to a point, and so did its corners. Therefore it did not overturn. The door was on one side and was reached by climbing a ladder. Now, we know that the ark was very large…

Ibn Ezra on Genesis 6:16:1

Go thou unto Phison, and take from thence a precious stone, and fix it in the ark to illuminate you: with the measure of a cubit (or span) shalt thou complete it above. And a door shalt thou set in the side of the ark; and with dwelling-places, inferior, second, and third, shalt thou make it.

Targum Jonathan on Genesis 6:16

“You shall make a bright item for the ark, and to a cubit you shall complete it at the top, and the entrance of the ark you shall place at its side; with lower, second-level, and third stories you shall craft it” (Genesis 6:15).
“You shall make a bright item [tzohar] for the ark” – Rabbi Ḥunya, Rabbi Pinḥas, Rabbi Ḥanin, and Rabbi Hoshaya did not disagree about this. Rabbi Abba bar Kahana and Rabbi Levi did disagree. Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: It was a window. Rabbi Levi said: It was a [luminous] precious stone…

Bereshit Rabbah 31:11

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