תתן לך (דברים ט זיח). ולא לאומות העולם ד"א תתן לך. מלמד שנקראו הדיינין על שם משה, וזה אחד משלשה דברים שמסר משה נפשו עליהם ונקראים על שמו, נתן נפשו על התורה, [שנאמר ויהי שם [וגו'] ארבעים יום וארבעים לילה] (שמות לד כח), ונקראת על שמו, שנאמר זכרו תורת משה עבדי (מלאכי ג כב), נתן נפשו על ישראל, שנאמר ואם אין מחני נא (שמות לב לב), ומניין שנקראו על שמו, שנאמר כי שחת עמך (שם שם ז), ינתן נפשו על הדיינין, שנאמר ויך את המצרי [וגו'] ויאמר לרשע למה תכה רעך (שם ב י ביג), לפיכך נקראו על שמו, שנאמר שופטים ושוטרים תתן לך בכל שעריך. (Deut. 16:18:) YOU SHALL APPOINT <JUDGES AND LAW OFFICERS> FOR YOURSELVES, and not for the peoples of the world.21Tanh., Deut. 5:5. Another interpretation (of Deut. 16:18): YOU SHALL APPOINT <JUDGES AND LAW OFFICERS> FOR YOURSELVES. <This> teaches that the judges were called in the name of Moses. Moreover, this is one of three things over which Moses risked his life and were called by his name.22Mekhilta deRabbi Ishmael, Shirata, 1 on Exod. 15:1; Exod. R. 30:4; Numb. R. 12:9. He offered his life over the Torah, [as stated (in Exod. 34:28): AND HE WAS THERE <WITH THE LORD> FORTY DAYS AND FORTY NIGHTS; <HE ATE NO BREAD AND DRANK NO WATER>.] It was also called by his name, as stated (in Mal. 3:22 [4:4]): REMEMBER <THE> TORAH OF MY SERVANT MOSES. He offered his life over Israel, as stated (in Exod. 32:32): BUT NOW, IF YOU WILL FORGIVE THEIR SIN, <WELL AND GOOD;> BUT IF NOT, PLEASE BLOT ME OUT <OF THE BOOK THAT YOU HAVE WRITTEN >. And where is it shown that they were called by his Name? Where it is stated (in Exod. 32:7, in which the Holy One tells Moses): FOR YOUR PEOPLE <WHOM YOU BROUGHT UP FROM THE LAND OF EGYPT> HAVE ACTED BASELY. He also offered his life over the judges, as stated (in Exod. 2:12–14): HE SMOTE THE EGYPTIAN <AND HID HIM IN THE SAND. WHEN HE WENT OUT ON THE SECOND DAY, HERE THERE WERE TWO HEBREW MEN FIGHTING>; SO HE SAID TO THE WICKED ONE: WHY WOULD YOU STRIKE YOUR COMRADE? <BUT HE SAID: WHO APPOINTED YOU23In an unvoweled text APPOINTED YOU could be read as “your name.” A PRINCE AND A JUDGE OVER US?> For that reason they were called in his name, as stated (in Deut. 16:18): YOU SHALL APPOINT JUDGES AND LAW OFFICERS FOR YOURSELVES IN ALL YOUR GATES.