וַיְדַבֵּר ה' וְגוֹ', נְקֹם נִקְמַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. יְלַמְּדֵנוּ רַבֵּנוּ, כַּמָּה תְּקִיעוֹת תּוֹקְעִין בְּעֶרֶב שֶׁבֶת כְּדֵי לְבַטֵּל אֶת הָעָם מִן הַמְּלָאכָה. כָּךְ שָׁנוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ, שְׁלֹשָׁה תְּקִיעוֹת תּוֹקְעִין בְּעֶרֶב שֶׁבֶת. כֵּיצַד, חַזַּן הַכְּנֶסֶת נוֹטֵל אֶת הַחֲצוֹצְרוֹת וְעוֹלֶה לְגַג גָּבֹהַּ שֶׁל עִיר וְתוֹקֵעַ, כָּל מִי שֶׁהָיָה רָחוֹק מִן הֵעִיר, הָיָה נִפְטָר מִמְּלַאכְתּוֹ. וְחָזַר וּבָא וְתוֹקֵעַ שְׁנִיָּה, הַקְּרוֹבִין נִכְנָסִין לָעִיר. שְׁלִישִׁית תּוֹקֵעַ, וְהָיוּ מַטְמִינִין אֶת הַחַמִּין וּמַדְלִיקִין אֶת הַנֵּר. גָּמַר מִלִּתְקֹעַ, הָיְתָה קְדֵרָה עַל גַּבֵּי כִּירָה, מַנִּיחִין אוֹתָהּ בָּאָרֶץ. וְאִם הָיָה הַנֵּר בְּיַד הָאִשָּׁה, מַנַּחַת אוֹתָהּ בָּאָרֶץ. הַשַּׁבָּת מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת, וְכֵן רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים וְהַמּוֹעֲדוֹת. שֶׁכֵּן הוּא אוֹמֵר, וּבְיוֹם שִׂמְחַתְכֶם וּבְמוֹעֲדֵיכֶם וְגוֹ' (במדבר י, י). וּכְשֶׁהָיוּ נוֹסְעִים, בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת נוֹסְעִים וְתוֹקְעִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּתְקַעְתֶּם תְּרוּעָה וְנָסְעוּ הַמַּחֲנוֹת (שם פסוק ה). וּכְשֶׁמִּתְכַּנְּסִין, מִתְכַּנְּסִין בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּבְהַקְהִיל אֶת הַקָּהָל תִּתְקְעוּ וְלֹא תָּרִיעוּ (שם פסוק ז). וּכְשֶׁהַצַּר מֵיצֵר, תּוֹקְעִין בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְכִי תָּבֹאוּ מִלְחָמָה וְגוֹ' (שם פסוק ט). וּכְשֶׁהָלְכוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה לְמִדְיָן, בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת עָשׂוּ נְקָמָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּכְלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ וַחֲצוֹצְרוֹת הַתְּרוּעָה בְּיָדוֹ. (Numb. 31:1-2:) “Then the Lord spoke, ‘Exact vengeance for the Children of Israel [on the Midianites].” Let our master instruct us: How many sustained blasts (teqi'ot) does one blow on the eve of the Sabbath to disengage the people from labor? Thus have our masters taught (in Suk. 5:5): One blows three sustained blasts to have the people cease from labor.5See Shab. 35b. How? The hazzan of the congregation takes the trumpets and goes up to the roof at the highest point in the city and blows. [Thereupon] whoever is far from the city leaves his work. Then [the hazzan] comes again and blows a second time. [Thereupon] those who are nearer enter the city. When he blows a third time, they place the hammin6I.e., the Sabbath food kept warm from Friday. in the oven and light the [Sabbath] lights. [If] he has finished blowing [while] the pot was on the stove, they set it on the ground. If there was a light in a woman's hand, she sets it on the ground. The Sabbath is sanctified with trumpets; and so also are new moons and festivals, as stated (in Numb. 10:10), “When you have a day of rejoicing, at your fixed festivals, and on your new moons, you shall blow the trumpets.” Moreover, when they moved out [from camp], they blew the trumpets to move out, as stated (in Numb. 10:5), “Then you shall blow a short blast (teru'ah) and the camps shall move out.” Also when [the congregation] gathered in, they blew the trumpets, as stated (in vs. 7), “When the congregation assembles, you shall blow sustained blasts and not short ones.” And when an enemy oppresses you, you shall blow the trumpets, as stated (in vs. 9), “And when you go to war [in your land against an enemy who oppresses you, you shall blow the trumpets].” And when they went to make war against Midian, they carried out their vengeance with trumpets, as stated (in Numb. 31:6), “with the vessels of the sanctuary and the trumpets for sounding the alarm (teru'ah) in his hand.”