Jerusalem Talmud Terumot 10:4

משנה: זֵיתֵי חוּלִין שֶׁכְּבָשָׁן עִם זֵיתֵי תְרוּמָה פִּיצּוּעֵי חוּלִין עִם פִּיצּוּעֵי תְרוּמָה פִּיצּוּעֵי חוּלִין עִם שְׁלֵימֵי תְרוּמָה אוֹ בְמֵי תְרוּמָה אָסוּר. אֲבָל שְׁלֵימֵי חוּלִין עַם פִּיצּוּעֵי תְרוּמָה מוּתָּר. MISHNAH: Profane olives preserved⁵⁸Preserved in brine, oil, or vinegar. with heave olives, if they were broken profanes with broken heaves, broken profanes with whole heaves, or preserves in heave fluid⁵⁹Water in which heave olives were preserved; cf. Halakhah 7., are forbidden⁶⁰For non-Cohanim.. But whole profanes⁶¹Whole olives are considered as non-absorbing. with broken heaves are permitted⁶⁰For non-Cohanim..

הלכה: אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹנָה זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת פְּצוּעִין בּוֹלְעִין וּפוֹלְטִין וְחוֹזְרִין וּבוֹלְעִין. שְׁלֵימִין וּבוֹלְעִין וּפוֹלְטִין וְעוֹד אֵינָן בּוֹלְעִין. הָדָא אָֽמְרָה לֹא לִשְׁבָח וְלֹא לִפְגָם אָסוּר. מַתְנִיתִין דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר נוֹתֵן טַעַם לִפְגָם אָסוּר. וְהָא רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אָמַר נוֹתֵן טַעַם לִפְגָם מוּתָּר. כְּהָדָא רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר כְּרוּב שֶׁל שִׁקְיָא שֶׁשְּׁלָקוֹ עִם כְּרוּב שֶׁל בַּעַל אָסוּר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא בוֹלֵעַ. HALAKHAH: Rebbi Jonah said, this implies that broken [olives] absorb, release, and absorb again; whole [olives] absorb, release, but do not absorb again⁶²It is axiomatic that anything put in a fluid environment absorbs from the environment. But then the fluid also absorbs what is released from the solid food. Since one cannot say that whole olives do not absorb from their environment (they certainly absorb salt from the surrounding brine), one has to say that they release the taste acquired from heave back into the surrounding fluid and then no longer absorb.. That means, if it is neither improving nor spoiling it is forbidden⁶³Since the Mishnah implies that preserving profane and heave olives of equal quality together makes every thing forbidden to laymen.. The Mishnah is Rebbi Simeon’s, for Rebbi Simeon says if its taste spoils, it is forbidden. But did Rebbi Simeon not say, if its taste spoils, it is permitted²⁰Tosephta 8:9, in slightly different wording. The main source of this paragraph is Orlah 2:5 (fol. 62a); a slightly shortened version is in Avodah Zarah 5:3 (fol. 44d); Babli Avodah Zarah 67b/68a.? Following what Rebbi Simeon says⁶⁴Mishnah 11. One assumes that the cabbage from the unirrigated field is heave. If it is cooked together with the more expensive and better cabbage from an irrigated garden plot, the result is forbidden to laymen even though the admixture of standard cabbage can only reduce the quality of the garden cabbage., irrigated cabbage preserved with unirrigated cabbage is forbidden because it absorbs.