משנה: אֵין גּוֹזְרִין תַּעֲנִית בְּרָאשֵׁי חָדָשִׁים בַּחֲנוּכָּה וּבַפּוּרִים. וְאִם הִתְחִילוּ אֵין מַפְסִיקִין דִּבְרֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל. אָמַר רִבִּי מֵאִיר אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמַר רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אֵין מַפְסִיקִין מוֹדֶה הוּא שֶׁאֵין מַשְׁלִימִין. וְכֵן תִּשְׁעַָה בְאָב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת׃ MISHNAH: One does not decide on a fast day235To start a series of 3 or 7 fast days for rain, or an isolated fast day because of a public calamity. on a New Moon, on Ḥanukka, or Purim. If they started, they do not interrupt236Once the fast day on a New Moon or Ḥanukkah, etc., is not the first in the series, one does not interrupt the regular sequence of Mondays and Thursdays., the words of Rabban Gamliel. Rebbi Meïr said, even though Rabban Gamliel said that one does not interrupt, he agreed that one does not complete237One stops fasting before nightfall.. The same on a Ninth of Av which falls on a Friday238So one does not start the Sabbath when hungry. In our computed calendar the Ninth of Av, which always falls on the same weekday as the first day of Passover, never falls on an Friday..
הלכה: כַּמָּה הִיא הַתְחָלָה. רִבִּי בָּא אָמַר. אַחַת. רִבִּי יוֹסֵה אָמַר. שְׁתַּיִם. וְכֵן נְפַק עוֹבְדָא כְהָדָא דְּרִבִּי בָּא. וּבַמֶּה קוֹרִים. רִבִּי יוֹסֵה אָמַר. קוֹרִין בְּרָכוֹת וּקְלָלוֹת. אָמַר לֵיהּ רִבִּי מָנָא. בְּגִין מוֹדַעְתִּין דְּהוּא תַעֲנֵיתָא רְבֵיעִין עַל מֵעֵיהוֹן. וְלָא יָֽדְעִין דְּהִיא תַעֲנִיתָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. לְהוֹדִיעָךְ שֶׁקּוֹרִין בְּרָכוֹת וּקְלָלוֹת. רִבִּי יוּדָן קַפּוֹדַקַייָא אָמַר קוֹמֵי רִבִּי יוֹסֵה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוּדָה בַּר פָּזִי. קוֹרִין בְּרֹאשׁ חוֹדֶשׁ. קָם רִבִּי יוֹסֵה עִם רִבִּי יוּדָה בַּר פָּזִי. אָמַר לֵיהּ. אַתָּה שָׁמַעְתָּ מִן אָבוּךְ הָדָא מִילְּתָא. אָמַר לֵיהּ. אַבָּא לֹא אָמַר כֵּן. אֶלָּא בְעֵיינֵי טָב. עַל־יְדֵי דְאִינּוּן יָֽדְעִין דְּהִיא רֵישׁ יַרְחָא הֵן קוֹרִין בְּרֹאשׁ חוֹדֶשׁ. וּשְׁאַר כָּל־הַמְּקוֹמוֹת קוֹרִין בְּרָכוֹת וּקְלָלוֹת. HALAKHAH: How much is “started”239How many times does one have to fast to continue fasting on a day of the New Moon?? Rebbi Abba said, once. Rebbi Yose said, twice. It was acted on following Rebbi Abba240This is binding precedent. The Taanit.18b">Babli 18b concurs. [However the Babli switches the attributions between RR. Aḥa and Yose (not Assi, impossible for chronological reasons, cf. Rabbinovicz, Variae Lectiones, ad loc. Note מ.)]. And what does one read? Rebbi Yose said, one reads “blessings and curses.241Leviticus.26.3-46">Lev. 26:3–46, the public Torah reading for all fast days for rain, even if such a fast is on a New Moon or Ḥanukkah which have their own fixed readings.” Rebbi Mana said to him, since they know it is a fast day they are falling on their bellies, do they not know that it is a fast day242Usually called “falling on one’s face”, the penitentiary prayer following the Amidah, which is omitted on all festive days. But if the day of the New Moon, where usually the penitentiary prayer is omitted, is a fast day for rain, the penitentiary prayer is recited. Since therefore everybody knows that it is a fast day, why does one have to change the customary Torah reading?? He said to him, to tell you that one reads “blessings and curses.243Since the penitentiary prayer is incompatible with the reading for the New Moon, everybody expects to read the portion customary for the fast day.” Rebbi Yudan from Kappadokia said before Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Jehudah bar Pazi, one reads about the New Moon244Numbers.28.11-15">Num. 28:11–15.. Rebbi Yose met Rebbi Jehudah bar Pazi; he said to him, did you hear this from your father? He said to him, my father said this only about Eintab245The permanent seat of the Calendar Court, which has to proclaim every New Moon in the absence of a computed calendar.. Since they know that it is the New Moon, they are reading about the New Moon. At all other places they are reading “blessings and curses.”
תַּנֵּי. תִּשְׁעָה בְאַב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת אוֹכֵל אֲפִילוּ בֵיצָה אַחַת וְשׁוֹתֶה אֲפִילוּ כוֹס אֶחָד. כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִיכָּנֵס לַשַּׁבָּת מְעוּנֶּה. דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי יוּדָה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר. מִתְעַנֶּה וּמַשְׁלִים. רִבִּי זְעוּרָה בְשֵׁם רַב יְהוּדָה רִבִּי בָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אִימִּי בַּר יְחֶזְקְאֵל בְּשֵׁם רַב. הֲלָכָה כְמִי שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר. מִתְעַנֶּה וּמַשְׁלִים. וְלָמָּה לֹא אָמַר. הֲלָכָה כְרִבִּי יוֹסֵה. אִית תַּנָּיֵי תַנֵּי וּמַחֲלִף דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים. רִבִּי זְעוּרָה בְשֵׁם רַב חוּנָה. וַאֲפִילוּ יָחִיד שֶׁגָּזַר עַל עַצְמוֹ תַעֲנִית בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת מִתְעַנֶּה וּמַשְׁלִים. כְּהָדָא רִבִּי בֵּיבַי הֲוָה יְתִיב קוֹמֵי רִבִּי יָסָא. בְּעָא מֵילַף מִינֵּיהּ הָדֵין עוֹבְדָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. נִימְטֵי בִייתָא צִיבְחַד. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. רוּמָשָׁא הוּא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. אִית בְּתַעֲנָה. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. אִית גַּבִּי תּוֹרְמוֹסִין. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. וּמַשְׁלִימִין כְּרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. It was stated246Tosephta 2:7; Eruvin.41a">Babli Eruvin41a.: “On a Ninth of Av which falls on a Friday he eats even an egg and drinks even a cup full247He breaks the fasts shortly before sundown., in order not to enter the Sabbath being deprived, the words of Rebbi Jehudah. Rebbi Yose says, he fasts and finishes.248He fasts until it certainly is the Sabbath since the obligation is to eat a festive meal on the Sabbath and this is not infringed on if he stays fasting into the Sabbath.” Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rav Jehudah, Rebbi Immi bar Ezechiel249The brother of Rav Jehudah, ordained in Palestine. In the Babli he is called Rammi bar Ezechiel. in the name of Rav: Practice follows him who says, he fasts and finishes. Why does he not say, practice follows Rebbi Yose? There are Tannaim who switch the names of the sages. Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rav Ḥuna: Even an individual who decided for himself to fast on a Friday fasts and finishes. As the following: Rebbi Bevai was sitting before Rebbi Yasa; he wanted to learn from him this matter250He fasted on a Friday in order to receive instructions from his teacher on how ro proceed.. He said, let me go home a little bit. He said to him, it is afternoon. He answered, I am fasting. He said to him, I have lupines with me. He answered, and one finishes following Rebbi Yose251First R. Bevai asked whether he could go home and break the fast before sundown. This was denied, but R. Yasa said, he had some lupines, (Greek θέρμος) animal feed which is turned into human food by extended cooking. Since the lupines would not be edible before nightfall, R. Bevai concluded that he was told that practice is to keep fasting into the Sabbath..