משנה: נָכְרִי שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת אֵין אוֹמְרִים לוֹ כַּבֵּה אוֹ אַל תְּכַבֶּה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין שְׁבִיתָתוֹ עָלֵיךָ. אֲבָל קָטָן שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת אֵין שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ שֶכֵּן שֶׁשְּׁבִיתָתוֹ עָלֵיךָ: MISHNAH: If a Gentile comes to extinguish one tells him neither to extinguish nor not to extinguish since you are not responsible for him resting. But if a minor comes to extinguish one may not listen to him since you are responsible for him resting¹⁷An underage child has no religious obligations; only his parents have a responsibility to educate him for a life conforming to religious rules. But in matters of the Sabbath the Fourth Commandment holds the parent directly responsible for sons and daughters keeping the Sabbath..

הלכה: נָכְרִי שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת. בִּימֵי רִבִּי אִמִּי נָֽפְלָה דְלֵיקָה בַּכְּפָר. אַפִּיק רִבִּי אִימִּי כְּרוּז בְּשׁוּקֵי דַאֲרָמָאֵי וָמַר. מָאן דַּעֲבַד לָא מַפְסִיד. אָמַר רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֵּירִבִּי יוֹסֵה קוֹמֵי רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. סַכָּנָה הָֽייְתָה. אִם הָֽיְתָה סַכָּנָה אֲפִילוּ רִבִּי אִמִּי יַטְפֵּי. וְלֹא כֵן תַּנֵּי. כָּל־דָּבָר שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ סַכָּנָה אֵין אוֹמְרִין. יֵיעָשׂוּ דְבָרִים הַלָּלוּ בַּנָּשִׁים וּבִקְטַנִּים. אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ בִּגְדוֹלִים אֲפִילוּ בִּיִשְׂרָאֵל. מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁנָּֽפְלָה דְלֵיקָה בַּחֲצַר יוֹסֵי בֶּן סִימַאי בְּשִׁיחִין. וְיָֽרְדוּ בְנֵי קַיצְרָה שֶׁלְצִיפּוֹרִין לְכַבּוֹת וְלֹא הִנִּיחַ לָהֶן. אָמַר לָהֶן. הַנִּיחוֹ לַגַּבַּאי שֶׁיִּגְבֶּה חוֹבוֹ. מִיַּד קָשַׁר עַלָיו הֶעָנָן וְכִיבָּהוּ. בְּמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת שָׁלַח לְכָל־חַד מֵהֶם סֶלַע וּלְאִיפַּרְכוֹס שֶׁלָּהֶן חֲמִשִּׁים דֵּינָר. אָֽמְרוּ חֲכָמִים. לֹא הָיָה צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת כֵּן. חַד נַפְּתִּי הֲוָה בִּמִגוּרָה דְּרִבִּי יוֹנָה. נְפִילַת דְלֵיקָה בִּמִגוּרָה דְּרִבִּי יוֹנָה. אֲזַל הַהוּא נַפְּתַּייָה בְעֵי מִטְפַּייְתָהּ וְלָא שָֽׁבְקֵיהּ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. בַּגְרָךְ מִדְּלִי. אֲמַר לֵיהּ אִין. וְאִישְׁתֵּיזִיב כּוּלַּהּ. רִבִּי יוּדָן דִּכָפַר אִימִּי פָּרַס גּוּלְתֵּיהּ עַל גָּדִישָׁא וְנוּרָא עָֽרְקָא מִינָּהּ. HALAKHAH: ¹²³Discussion of Shabbat 16:7:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Shabbat.16.7.1">Mishnah 7. All fires mentioned here happened on a Sabbath. The text also is in Nedarim 4:9 (ר) Notes 104–113. It is difficult to decide which passage is the original. In the days of Rebbi Immi there was a fire in the village. Rebbi Immi sent a crier to the markets of the Gentiles saying: “He who works will not lose.¹²⁴One is permitted to assure people of their wages. In the Shabbat.121a">Babli, 121a, R. Ammi (= Immi) says directly that suggesting payment is permitted in the case of a fire on the Sabbath.” Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yose said, that was danger to life. But if there was danger to life, Rebbi Immi himself should have fought the fire! Did we not state¹²⁵Also in the Yoma.84b">Babli, Yoma 84b., in any case of danger to life one does not say that [the necessary work] be done by women¹²⁶In Tosephta 15:15, Nedarim and Yoma 8:5:3-8" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Yoma.8.5.3-8">Yoma 8:5 correctly: “Gentiles”. This also is the quote from Šabbat in Medieval sources (Raviah p. 338, Or zarua 2 §38, Roqeaḥ §109). or minors, but [it should be done] even by adults, even by Jewish persons. “It happened that there was a fire in the courtyard of Yose ben Simai in Shiḥin, and the garrison of the barracks¹²⁷Latin castra, -orum, n. “military camp, barracks, fortress.” of Sepphoris came to fight it but he did not let them fight it; he said, let the collector collect his due¹²⁸Since the fire was on a Sabbath, he took it as divine punishment.. Immediately there formed a cloud which extinguished it. After the Sabbath he sent to each of them a tetradrachma and to their commander¹²⁹Greek ἔπαρχος, ὁ, equivalent of Latin praefectus (castrorum). Tosephta 13:9 (ed. Liebermann). 50 denarii.” The Sages¹³⁰In Nedarim: R. Ḥanina (the Chief Rabbi of Sepphoris in a later generation.) In the Shabbat.121a">Babli 121a, this is the opinion of the Sages, while Yose ben Simai wanted to encourage them to fight Sabbath fires at Sepphoris. The mention of the Sages here may be a contamination from the Babli. said, there was no need for him to do that. A Nabatean¹³¹In Nedarim: “A Samaritan”. Since a Samaritan as a Jew has to keep the Sabbath, the reading here is preferable. was in the neighborhood of Rebbi Jonah. There was a fire in Rebbi Jonah’s neighborhood; the Nabatean wanted to fight it but Rebbi Jonah did not let him. He said to him, because of my property! He said, yes¹³²R. Jonah agreed to be responsible for the Nabatean’s loss if the fire reached his property.. And everything was saved. Rebbi Jonah from Kefar-Immi spread his garment over the grain stack and the fire retreated from it.

אֲבָל קָטָן שֶׁבָּא לְכַבּוֹת אֵין שׁוֹמְעִין לוֹ. וְלֹא כֵן תַּנֵּי. רָאוּ אוֹתוֹ יוֹצֵא וּמְלַקֵּט עֲשָׂבִים אֵין אַתְּ זָקוּק לוֹ. תַּמָּן אֵין לוֹ צוֹרֶךְ בָּעֲשָׂבִים. בְּרַם הָכָא יֵשׁ לוֹ צוֹרֶךְ כִּיבּוּי. “But if a minor comes to extinguish one may not listen to him.” But was it not stated, if one saw him going out and collecting grasses, one need not interfere? There he has no need for grasses; here he sees the need for fire fighting.