משנה: מְשַׁלְשְׁלִין אֶת הַפֶּסַח בַּתַּנּוּר עִם חֲשֵׁכָה. וּמַחִיזִין אֶת הָאוּר בִּמְדוּרַת בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד. וּבַגְּבוּלִין כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּצִּת הָאוּר בְּרוּבָּן. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר אַף בַּפֶּיחָמִין כָּל שֶׁהֵן: MISHNAH: One hangs the Passover lamb into the oven when it gets dark21If the 15th of Nisan is a Sabbath, the Passover sacrifice has to be roasted in the night; overriding the rabbinic Sabbath prohibition. Naturally the roasting process has to begin when it is still Friday; the only leniency is that no minimal time has to elapse between the start of roasting and sundown. Although roasting was specifically prohibited in Mishnah 14 even if no further human intervention was necessary, in this case it is permitted since the Passover lamb is prepared and eaten by a group, not a single cook, and they can be expected to watch one another that no stirring of coals or adding of fuel will occur.. One starts a fire at the fire place in the heating chamber22The fireplace in the Temple where the priests can warm themselves in cold nights. Again this fire burns in the presence and for the benefit of a group and no desecration of the Sabbath is expected. As a general rule, rabbinic restrictions relating to the Sabbath are not applied in the Temple., but outside the Temple only if the fire has started burning on most of the logs23Since it would be a Sabbath desecration to intervene to get a fire started (Exodus.35.3">Ex. 35:3) one has to be sure that the fire in the fireplace does not need human intervention. This means that all logs must have started burning.. Rebbi Jehudah says, on charcoal any amount24He holds that charcoal burns easily; even if only one log started to burn, all of them will burn in due course without human intervention..
הלכה: מְשַׁלְשְׁלִין אֶת הַפֶּסַח לַתַּנּוּר כול׳. תַּמָּן תַּנִּינָן. חָשֵׁיכָה יָֽצְאוּ וְצָלוּ אֶת פִּסְחֵיהֶן׃ וְאַתְּ אֲמַר הָכֵין. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. חֲבוּרוֹת זְרִיזוֹת הֵן. HALAKHAH: Mishnah: “One hangs the Passover lamb into the oven,21If the 15th of Nisan is a Sabbath, the Passover sacrifice has to be roasted in the night; overriding the rabbinic Sabbath prohibition. Naturally the roasting process has to begin when it is still Friday; the only leniency is that no minimal time has to elapse between the start of roasting and sundown. Although roasting was specifically prohibited in Mishnah 14 even if no further human intervention was necessary, in this case it is permitted since the Passover lamb is prepared and eaten by a group, not a single cook, and they can be expected to watch one another that no stirring of coals or adding of fuel will occur.” etc. There417Pesachim 5:10:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Pesachim.5.10.1">Mishnah Pesaḥim 5:10. In contrast to the Mishnah here, this speaks of the case that the 14th of Nisan is a Sabbath; roasting the sacrifice may start only at nightfall, after the end of the Sabbath., we have stated: “At nightfall they went out and roasted their Passover sacrifices.” And you are saying so418From the Mishnah here it seems that roasting may be done on the Sabbath; the Mishnah there excludes it.? Rebbi Yose said, groups are careful419The reason for the Mishnah here is not because of a biblical prohibition which would be to stir the coals or to add fuel. To avoid the possibility of such violation of the Sabbath one forbids leaving on the fire anything not fully cooked. But for the Passover which is a group celebration, such a fear would be unfounded (Shabbat 1:11:2" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Shabbat.1.11.2">Note 21). Maˋaser Šeni 3:2 Note 36; Shabbat.20a">Babli 20a, Eruvin 106a, Pesachim.85a">Pesaḥim 85a..
פֶּסַח מַחֲזִירוֹ אַתְּ שָׁלֵם וְאֵין אַתְּ מַחֲזִירוֹ מְחוּתָּךְ. רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי זְעִירָא. מִפְּנֵי פְסוּלוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. וְיֵאוּת. לְאוֹכְלוֹ אֵין אַתְּ יָכוֹל. דִּכְתִיב אַל־תֹּֽאכְל֤וּ מִמֶּ֨נּוּ֙ נָ֔א. לִצְלוֹתוֹ אֵין אַתְּ יָכוֹל. שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא כְצוֹלֶה בַשַּׁבָּת. מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁאַתְּ אוֹמֵר שֶׁהוּא מוּתָּר אַף הוּא אֵינוֹ צוֹלֶה אוֹתוֹ כָּל צוֹרְכּוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁאַתְּ אוֹמֵר לוֹ שֶׁהוּא אָסוּר אַף הוּא צוֹלֶה אוֹתוֹ כָּל צָרְכּוֹ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. רִבִּי לָֽעְזָר בֵּירִבִּי יוֹסֵי שְׁאִיל. צְלָייוֹ שָׁלֵם וְחִיתְכוֹ מָהוּ מִיחְזַרְתֵּיהּ וּמִשְׁחַנְתֵּיהּ. The Passover sacrifice you return whole, you do not return it carved420Only the whole animal is a group affair; once individual portions are cut they must follow the rules of common food.. Rebbi Samuel in the name of Rebbi Zeˋira: Because of its invalidity421This is a new subject. While in general a dish cooked as Ben Derosai’s food can be returned and reheated, for the Passover this is forbidden; if the Passover sacrifice is roasted on Friday afternoon it must be well done overall.. Rebbi Yose said, this is correct. You cannot eat it for it is written422Exodus.12.9">Ex. 12:9., do not eat from it raw. You cannot roast it for he should not be roasting it on the Sabbath. If you are telling him that he may do it, he will not roast it completely when it still is daylight. Since you tell him that it is prohibited, he will roast it completely when it is still daylight423The previous permission (Shabbat 1:10:2" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Shabbat.1.10.2">Note 413) to return the Passover sacrifice is given only for the uncut body; once a piece has been cut to check whether it was well done it cannot be returned. This forces one to finish the roasting process before cutting anything.. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yose424The Tanna, son of R. Yose ben Ḥalafta. His question was answered in the negative by the late Amoraim just quoted. asked, if he roasted it whole and carved it up, may he go back and heat it?
רִבִּי זְעִירָא רַב יְהוּדָה בְשֵׁם רַב. אַרְבַּע מְדוּרוֹת כָּל־שֶׁהֵן. מְדוּרַת הַגֶּפֶת מְדוּרַת הַזֶּבֶל מְדוּרַת הַחֵלֶב מְדוּרַת גַּלְעִינִים כָּל־שֶׁהֵן. Rebbi Zeˋira, Rav Jehudah in the name of Rav: Four pyres are in a minimal amount. A pyre of pressed-out olives, a pyre of manure, a pyre of fat, a pyre of pits are in a minimal amount425These materials can be lit on Friday evening any moment before sundown since if the fire starts anywhere it will quickly spread to all of the fuel.
רִבִּי בָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חִייָה בַּר אַשִּׁי. חוֹתֶל שֶׁהוּא מָלֵא גַלְעִינִים כָּל־שֶׁהֵן. רִבִּי בָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חִיָּא בַּר אַשִּׁי. חוֹתֶל שֶׁהוּא מָלֵא גַלְעִינִים. אִם מְכוּנָּסוֹת. בְּרוּבָּן. אִם מָפוּזָרוֹת. בְּרוֹב כָּל־פְּרִידָה וּפְרִידָה. מַה וּפְלִיג. כָּאן בִּבְרִיאוֹת. וְכָאן בְּתָשׁוֹת. Rebbi Abba in the name of Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ashi: A willow basket full of pits is in a minimal amount. Rebbi Abba in the name of Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ashi: A willow basket full of pits, if they are collection, by their majority; if they are distributed, by the majority of each heap. Do they disagree? Here fat ones, there lean ones426The two statements of R. Abba seem to contradict one another. Only kernels containing oil do not need a minimum of burning substance before nightfall..
רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בְשֵׁם רַב יִרְמְיָה רִבִּי חֲנַנְיָה מַטֵּי בָהּ בְּשֵׁם רַב. חָרִיּוֹת מִלְּמַטָּה וְעֵצִים מִלְּמַעֲלָה כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָלָה הָאוֹר בֵּנְתַּיִים מוּתָּר. Rebbi Yose in the name of Rav Jeremiah, Rebbi Ḥananiah bent it in the name of Rav: Cuttings from date palms below and wood on top, when the fire appears between them it is permitted427While the Mishnah requires that the fire spread to most of the fuel, if there are two distinct kinds of fuel only one of them has to be aflame in its majority..
רִבִּי חֶלְבּוּ בְשֵׁם רַב הוּנָא. קוֹרָה וְרוּבָּהּ בְּרוֹב הֶקֵּיפָהּ. מָהוּ בְּרוֹב הֶקֵּיפָהּ מִמָּקוֹם אַחֵר אוֹ בְּרוֹב הֶיקֵּף כּוּלָּהּ. אַשְׁכַּח תַּנֵּי. עַד שֶׁתִּיפָּסֵל מִלַּעֲשׂוֹת מְלָאכָה. Rebbi Ḥelbo in the name of Rav Huna: A log and most of it by the majority of its circumference. What means by the majority of its circumference? At one place or at most of its entire surface area? It was found stated: Until it became unfit for work428This means that the Mishnah requires that most of the logs burn before sundown..
כֵּינִי מַתְנִיתָא. אַף בְּפֵיחָמִין כָּל־שֶׁהֵן. So is the Mishnah: Also on charcoals any amount429The plural “charcoals” requires a plural in “any amount”..