משנה: רוֹצֵחַ שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בַּאֲחֵרִים כּוּלָּן פְּטוּרִין. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר כּוֹנְסִין אוֹתָן לַכִּיפָּה. כָּל חַייָבֵי מִיתוֹת שֶׁנִּתְעָֽרְבוּ זֶה בָזֶה יִדּוֹנוּ בַּקַּלָּה. הַנִּסְקָלִין בַנִּשְׂרָפִין רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר יִידּוֹנוּ בִּסְקִילָה שֶׁהַשְּׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים יִידּוֹנוּ בִּשְׂרֵיפָה שֶׁהַסְּקִילָה חֲמוּרָה. אָמַר לָהֶן רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אִילּוּ לֹא הָֽיְתָה שְׂרֵיפָה חֲמוּרָה לֹא נִיתְּנָה לְבַת כֹּהֵן שֶׁזִּינָּת. אָֽמְרוּ לוֹ אִילּוּ לֹא הָֽיְתָה סְקִילָה חֲמוּרָה לֹא נִתְּנָה לַמְגַדֵּף וְלָעוֹבְדֵי עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. הַנֶּהֱרָגִין בַּנֶּחֱנָקִין רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר בַּסַּיִיף וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים בַּחֶנֶק׃ MISHNAH: If a murderer was mixed up with others, none of them are criminally liable44Since nobody can be convicted if he was not identified by witnesses.. Rebbi Jehudah says, one keeps them in jail45Until each person be identified by witnesses.. Any condemned to death who were mixed up with others46Also condemned to death. shall be executed by the easier way. Those to be stoned with those to be burned, Rebbi Simeon says they shall be stoned because burning is more painful, but the Sages say they shall be burned since stoning is more painful.
Rebbi Simeon told them, if burning were not more painful it would not have been prescribed for a Cohen’s daughter who committed adultery. They answered him, if stoning were not more painful, it would not have been prescribed for the blasphemer and those who worship strange cults. Those to be slain with those to be strangled, Rebbi Simeon says by the sword, but the Sages say by strangulation47Sanhedrin 7:1:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Sanhedrin.7.1.1">Mishnah 7:1..
הלכה: רוֹצֵחַ שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בַּאֲחֵרִים כול׳. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. בְּרוֹצֵחַ שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בַּכְּשֵׁירִין הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ אָמַר. בְּרוֹצֵחַ שֶׁלֹּא נִגְמַר דִּינוֹ וְנִתְעָרֵב בְּרוֹצֵחַ שֶׁנִּגְמַר דִּינוֹ הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. בְּשׁוֹר בַּשְּׁווָרִים הִיא מַתְנִיתָא. אִם בְּשׁוֹר בַּשְּׁווָרִים הִיא מַתְנִיתָא בְּדָא תַנִּינָן כּוֹנְסִין אוֹתוֹ לַכִּיפָּה. HALAKHAH: “If a murderer was mixed up with others,” etc. Rebbi Joḥanan said, the Mishnah deals with a murderer mixed up with innocent people48In this interpretation, R. Jehudah allows the police to arrest innocent people and keep them in prison until they have proven their innocence.. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, the Mishnah deals with a murderer being tried mixed up with a murderer who already was convicted. Samuel said, the Mishnah deals with a bull mixed up with other bulls. If the Mishnah referred to a bull50A bull which has killed a human and must be stoned by the verdict of a court of 23. Humans can be identified by witnesses; cattle all look alike. mixed up with other bulls, would we state about them that “one keeps them in jail”?
רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר. חֲמוּרָה שְׂרֵיפָה מִסְּקִילָה. וְרַבָּנִין אָֽמְרִין. חֲמוּרָה סְקִילָה מִשְּׂרֵיפָה. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר. חָמוּר חֶנֶק מֵהֶרֶג. וְרַבָּנִין אָֽמְרִין. חָמוּר הֶרֶג מֵחֶנֶק. Rebbi Simeon says, burning is worse than stoning, but the rabbis teach that stoning is worse than burning. Rebbi Simeon says, strangulation is worse than decapitation; but the rabbis teach that decapitation is worse than strangulation51Sanhedrin 7:1:2-7" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Sanhedrin.7.1.2-7">Halakhah 7:1, first sentences..