משנה: בַּתַּעֲנִיּוֹת בְּשֶׁל זְכָרִים כְּפוּפִין וּפִיו מְצוֹפֶּה כֶסֶף וּשְׁתֵּי חֲצוֹצְרוֹת בָּאֶמְצַע. שׁוֹפָר מְקַצֵּר וַחֲצוֹצְרוֹת מַאֲרִיכוֹת שֶׁמִּצְוַת הַיּוֹם בַּחֲצוֹצְרוֹת: MISHNAH: On fast days52Either because of a drought or a public calamity. it was from bent ram’s horns, around the mouthpiece covered with silver, and two trumpets in the middle53This implies that there were two shofarot.. The shofar is short and the trumpets drawn out because the obligation of the day is by the trumpets54Num. 10:9..
הלכה: אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹנָה. כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּכוּפוּ אֶת לִבָּם בִּתְפִילָּה. HALAKHAH: Rebbi Jonah said, so they should bend their thoughts in prayer55Same argument as Note 46, applied to fast days..
קוֹמֵי רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לִֵוי תָֽקְעִין בְּתַעֲנִיתָא. רִבִּי יוֹסֵה בָעֵי. וְיִתְקְעוּן קוֹמוֹי בַחֲצוֹצְרָתָא. וְלָא שְׁמִיעַ דְּתַנֵּי. חֲצוֹצְרוֹת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ. אֵין חֲצוֹצְרוֹת בַּגְּבוּלִין. וְיִתְפַּלְּלוּ לְפָנָיו עֶשְׂרִין וְאַרְבַּע. כְּהָדָא. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן מִתְפַּלֵּל בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע וּמְפַקֵּד לְתַלְמִידוֹי. לָא תִילְפוֹן מִינִּי הָדֵין עוֹבְדָה. דִּצְרִיכָה לֵיהּ. אֶבֶל הוּא. תַּעֲנִית צִיבּוּר הוּא. רִבִּי יוֹסֵה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לִֵוי. אֵינוֹ תַעֲנִית צִיבּוּר. רִבִּי יוֹנָה רִבִּי יִצְחָק בַּר נַחְמָן בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי. אֶבֶל הוּא. אֵינוֹ תַעֲנִית צִיבּוּר. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעוּרָה. מִילְּתֵיהּ דְּרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָֽמְרָה. יָחִיד בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב מִתְפַּלֵּל אַרְבַּע. לֹא אָמַר אֶלָּא אַרְבַּע. הָא עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע לֹא. They were blowing before Rebbi Joshua ben Levi on a fast day56As the sequel shows, these are not the days of fasting for rain discussed in Tractate Ta`anit, but the historical fast days connected with the destruction of the Temple, such as the 17th of Tammuz and the 9th of Av, for which obviously there is no Temple precedent.. Rebbi Yose asked, should they not blow before him with trumpets? He had not heard what was stated, trumpets in the Temple, no trumpets in the countryside57Since trumpets are prescribed for the Temple service (Note 54), they are prohibited for religious observances outside. Babli 27a.. Should they not pray 2458The 24 parts of the Amidah prayer on fast days for rain, as described in Mishnah Ta`anit 2:2. before him? As the following, Rebbi Joḥanan on the Ninth of Av was praying 24 but ordered his students, do not learn this action from me; because it was a problem for him whether it was mourning or a public fast day59While in the Babli Ta`anit 12b it is stated that the 9th of Av is a public fast day, the meaning of the statement is the same as the statement here that it is not a public fast day. The Babli states that it is like a public fast day in that it includes the preceding night in the fast, unlike the other historical fast days, the Yerushalmi states that it is not a public fast day in that all the rituals spelled out in Ta`anit Chapters 2,3 do not apply. Both statements are true in actual practice.. Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: It is not a public fast day. Rebbi Jonah, Rebbi Isaac bar Naḥman in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: It is mourning, it is not a public fast day. Rebbi Ze`ira said, the case of Rebbi Joḥanan implies that a person prays four [times] of the Ninth of Av60He prescribes prayers in the evening, morning, afternoon (Minḥah), and shortly before the end of the fast (ne`ilah.) This is prescribed for public fasts in Mishnah Ta`anit 4:1 and contradicts the statement of R. Joshua ben Levi which is accepted practice.. He only said four, but not 24.