Jerusalem Talmud Pesachim 8:4

משנה: הַמְמַנֶּה אֲחֵרִים עִמּוֹ עַל חֶלְקוֹ רַשָּׁאִין לִיתֵּן לוֹ אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ וְהוּא אוֹכֵל מִשֶּׁלּוֹ וְהֵן אוֹכְלִין מִשֶּׁלָּהֶן׃ MISHNAH: If somebody lets others subscribe to his part, they are empowered to give him his part, so that he eats of his and they eat of theirs⁸³A person subscribed to a Pesaḥ as an individual but now appears with several people which he has invited without paying for them. They may give him the portion of an individual and tell him to divide it among his guests while everybody else get the full volume for which he has paid..

הלכה: בְּנֵי חֲבוּרָה שֶׁהָיוּ יָדָיו שֶׁלְאֶחָד מֵהֶן יָפוֹת. רַשַּׁאִין לוֹמַר לוֹ. טוּל חֶלְקָךְ וַאֲכוֹל לְעַצְמָךְ. לֹא סוֹף דָּבָר פֶּסַח. אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ עָשׂוּ סִינְבּוֹל רַשַּׁאִין לוֹמַר לוֹ. טוּל חֶלְקָךְ וַאֲכוֹל לְעַצְמָךְ. אִם הָיוּ מַכִּירִין אוֹתוֹ. לְכָךְ הִתְנוּ עִמּוֹ מִשָּׁעָה רִאשׁוֹנְה. HALAKHAH: The members of a group of which one had beautiful hands⁸⁴The traditional explanation is: He grabs a lot and eats an inordinate amount of food. Pesachim.89b">Babli 89b, Tosephta 7:9. were entitled to tell him, take your part and eat alone Not only Pesaḥ, but even if they made a meal by contributions⁸⁵Greek συμβόλαια, τὰ, “contributions to partake in a common meal/” they are entitled to tell him, take your part and eat alone, if they did know him⁸⁶They did know from the start that letting him participate might be unfair to the remainder of the group., since this was a stipulation from the start.

רַב חוּנָא אָמַר. הִפְרִישׁ פִּסְחוֹ וְאָמַר. עַל מְנָת שֶׁלֹּא יִימָּנֶה אַחֵר עִמִּי. אֵין אַחֵר נִמְנֶה עִמּוֹ. הִפְרִישׁוֹ סְתָם. כָּל־מַה שֶׁיְּבוֹאוּ מִינּוּיָיו הֵם. רִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אָחָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי זְעִירָא. מַתְנִיתָא אָֽמְרָה כֵן. וְאִם־יִמְעַ֣ט הַבַּ֘יִת֘. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהֵן מִתְמָעַטִין וְהוֹלְכִין. בִּלְבַד שֶׁיְּהֵא שָׂם אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי חֲבורָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה וְאֶחָד מִבְּנֵי חֲבורָה הַשְּׁנִייָה. דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי יוּדָה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵה אוֹמֵר. בֵּין מִן הָרִאשׁוֹנָה בֵין מִן הַשְּׁנִייָה. בִּלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יַנִּיחוּ אֶת הַפֵּסַח כְּמוֹת שֶׁהוּא. אִין תֵּימַר. כָּל־מַה שֶׁיְּבוֹאוּ מִינּוּיָיו הֵן. הֵן בְּנֵי חֲבורָה הָרִאשׁוֹנְה הֵן בְּנֵי חֲבורָה הַשְּׁנִייָה. מַה נְפַק מִבֵּינֵיהוֹן. הִפְרִישׁ פִּסְחוֹ וּמָשַׁךְ יָדוּ וְנִמְנֶה אַחֵר עִמּוֹ. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרַב חוּנָה. כָּשֵׁר. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרִבִּי זְעוּרָא. פָּסוּל. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרַב חוּנָה. הֶקְדֵּשׁ יָחִיד הוּא. וְהֶקְדֵּשׁ יָחִיד עוֹשֶׂה תְמוּרָה. עַל דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרִבִּי זְעוּרָה. הֶקְדֵּשׂ שׂוּתָפִין הוּא. וְאֵין הֶקְדֵּשׂ שׂוּתָפִין עוֹשֶׂה תְמוּרָה. נִמְנוּ עָלָיו מֵאָה בְנֵי אָדָם כְּאַחָת. רַב חוּנָה אָמַר. אִם יֵשׁ כְּזַית לְכָל־אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. כָּשֵׂר. וְאִם לָאו פָּסוּל. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעוּרָא. מָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ [כְּזַית לְכָל־אֶחָד וְאֶחָד] מֵהֶם. כְּשֵׂר. וְאָם לָאו. פָּסוּל. וְתַנֵּי כֵן. נִמְנוּ עָלָיו וְחָֽזְרוּ וְנִמְנוּ עָלָיו. עַד מָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ כְּזַית לְכָל־אֶחָד וְאֶחָד מֵהֶם. כָּשֵׂר. וְאִם לָאו. פָּסוּל. Rav Huna said, if somebody dedicated his Pesaḥ and said, on condition that nobody else subscribe with me, nobody else can subscribe with him. If he dedicated it without specification, any who join are its subscribers⁸⁷From the start the Pesaḥ is dedicated for anybody who will come to join.. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Zeˋira: Does the Mishnah say so? “If thehouse be less⁸⁸Exodus.12.4">Ex. 12:4., this teaches that they may continuously diminish, on condition that there always be one of the first group and one of the second group, the words of Rebbi Jehudah. Rebbi Yose says, either from the first or from the second, if only the Pesaḥ not be left alone.⁸⁹Pesachim.99a">Babli 99a, Tosephta 7:7, Mekhilta dR. Ismael Bo 3, dR. Simeon ben Yoḥai p. 9. It is presumed that practice follows R. Yose (the Tanna, ben Ḥalafta.)” If you are saying that any who join are its subscribers, then the members of the first group are the members of the second group⁹⁰According to Rav Ḥuna, every subscriber is counted as original subscriber; there can be no first and second group.. What is the difference between them? If he dedicated his Pesaḥ, withdrew from it but another person subscribed to it. In the opinion of Rav Ḥuna it is qualified, in the opinion of Rebbi Zeˋira disqualified⁹¹For Rav Ḥuna, the second person is an original subscriber. For R. Zeˋira the Pesaḥ was left without subscriber for a moment; this disqualifies.. In the opinion of Rav Ḥuna it is dedication by an individual and subject to the laws of substitution; in the opinion of Rebbi Zeˋira it is dedication by partners and dedication of partners is not subject to the laws of substitution⁹²If the first subscriber left; his replacement now is the original dedicator and all the rules of Tractate Temurah (Lev.27:10) do apply. But for R. Zeˋira, supposing that the second subscriber came before the first one left and the Pesaḥ still is qualified, it now is dedication by partners and any attempt at substitution is invalid and therefore inconsequential.. If a hundred people subscribed to it simultaneously, Rav Ḥuna said, if there is the volume [of an olive for each of them], it is qualified, otherwise disqualified. Rebbi Zeˋira said, as long as there is the volume of an olive for each of them, it is qualified, otherwise disqualified⁹³Since for Rav Ḥuna all subscribers are original dedicators, simultaneous subscription is possible. The subscriptions either are all valid or all invalid. For R. Zeˋira only sequential subscriptions are possible; as long as there is the volume of an olive available for a new subscriber he is accepted, otherwise he is rejected, but the rejection has no influence on the status of subscribers accepted earlier.. And it was stated thus: “If they subscribed and added subscribers, as long as there is the volume of an olive for each of them, it is qualified, otherwise disqualified.⁹⁴Pesachim.78b">Babli 78b.”