משנה: הֵבִיאוּ לְפָנָיו יְרָקוֹת וַחֲזֶרֶת מְטַבֵּל בַּחֲזֶרֶת עַד שֶׁהוּא מַגִּיעַ לְפַרְפֶּרֶת הַפַּת. הֵבִיאוּ לְפָנָיו מַצָּה וַחֲזֶרֶת וַחֲרוֹסֶת וּשְׁנֵי תַבְשִׁילִין אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין חֲרוֹסֶת מִצְוָה. רִבִּי לִעֶזֶר בֵּי רִבִּי צָדוֹק אוֹמֵר מִצְוָה. וּבַמִּקְדָּשׁ מְבִיאִין לְפָנָיו גּוּפוֹ שֶׁל פֶּסַח׃ MISHNAH: They bring before him vegetables and Romaine lettuce43“Romaine lettuce” is used as stand-in for all bitter herbs admissible for the Seder, Mishnah 2:5. General vegetables are mentioned only in the Mishnah of the Yerushalmi; from the Halakhah which mentions that one is permitted non-bitter vegetables for the first dip it seems that they were not mentioned in the Mishnah underlying the Halakhah.. One dips Romaine lettuce44As an appetizer, since on Passover the cookies usually served as appetizers may not be used; cf. The Scholar’s Haggadah, pp. 228–233., until he comes to filling the bread45After the discussion of the Exodus, described in Mishnaiot 4,5,6. “Filling the bread” refers to the meal where in the absence of forks and knives one ate everything as fillers of pitta-bread; in this case, freshly baked soft mazzah., when one brings before him46Unless the entire plate was brought on a table at the start. mazzah, and Romaine lettuce, and haroset47A moist mixture of fruits and spices in which the bitter herbs have to be dipped., and two dishes48As the Halakhah explains, a remembrance of the Pesaḥ and the festival offerings of Temple times., even though haroset is not an obligation; Rebbi Eliezer ben Rebbi Sadoq says, it is an obligation. In the Temple49In Jerusalem in Temple times. one brings before him the body of the Pesaḥ.
הלכה: חֲבֵרַייָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. צָרִיךְ לְטַבֵּל בַּחֲזֶרֶת שְׁנֵי פְעָמִים. רִבִּי זְעוּרָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְטַבֵּל בַּחֲזֶרֶת שְׁנֵי פְעָמִים. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ אָמַר. אִם לֹא טִבֵּל פַּעַם רִאשׁוֹנָה צָרִיךְ לְטַבֵּל פַּעַם שְׁנִייָה. מַתְנִיתָא פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. שֶׁבְּכָל־ הַלֵּילוֹת אָנוּ מַטְבִּילִין פַּעַם אַחַת. וְהַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה שְׁתֵּי פְעָמִים. סְבַר רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ עַל הָדָא דְבַר קַפָּרָה. מַתְנִיתָא פְלִיגָא עַל בַּר קַפָּרָא. שֶׁבְּכָל־הַלֵּילוֹת אָנוּ מַטְבִּילִין אוֹתוֹ עִם הַפַּת. וְכָאן אָנוּ מַטְבִּילִין אוֹתוֹ בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ. מַתְנִיתָא פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. יוֹצְאִין בַּמַּצָּה בֵּין שֶׁכִּיווֵן. בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא כִיווֵן. וְהָכָא מִכֵּיוָן שֶׁהֵיסַב. חֲזָקָה כִּיוֵּין. מְתִיב רִבִּי יִרְמְיָה קוֹמֵי רִבּי זְעוּרָה. מַתְנִיתָא פְלִיגָא עַל רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. הֵבִיאוּ לְפָנָיו מַצָּה וַחֲזֶרֶת וַחֲרוֹסֶת. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין חֲרוֹסֶת מִצְוָה. חֲזָרָת מִצְוָה. אָמַר לֵיהּ. שֶׁכֵּן רַב מְטַבֵּל בַּתַּורְדִּין. HALAKHAH: The colleagues in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: One has to dip Romaine lettuce twice. Rebbi Zeˋira in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: One need not dip Romaine lettuce twice50He holds that after the Qiddush one has to eat vegetable, with the appropriate benediction of “Him Who created the produce of the earth,” and at the start of the meal one has to eat bitter herbs, in fulfillment of the biblical obligation, without benediction on the bitter herbs as food. The only problem is whether the benediction for the food must be for bitter herbs, or whether any vegetable is fine, and the benediction can be intended to include the bitter herbs consumed later. There are two conflicting traditions in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, if he did not dip the first time, he has to dip the second time51He holds that the first dipping is optional, an opinion rejected by the Babli 114b.. The Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish; “On all other nights we dip once, this night twice.” Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish is of one opinion with Bar Qappara; the Mishnah disagrees with Bar Qappara: On all other nights we dip with bread52One fills the pitta with food and dips the bread in sauce; without knives and forks this is the usual way to eat dinner. To dip vegetable without bread is uncommon., but here we dip it by itself. The Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Joḥanan, one fulfills his obligation with mazzah, whether he intended it or did not intend53Since in his opinion a biblical obligation is discharged when the required action is completed, with or without particular intention, then it should be impossible to eat bitter herbs the second time in fulfillment of the biblical obligation since the obligation already was discharged unintentionally with the first dipping.. But here since he was lying on a couch, the presumption is that he intended54But for vegetables this cannot be presupposed.. Rebbi Jeremiah objected before Rebbi Zeˋira, does not the Mishnah disagree with Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish? “one brings before him mazzah, and Romaine lettuce, and haroset, … even though haroset is not an obligation.” Romaine lettuce is an obligation55This question implies that in his version of the Mishnah, “vegetables” were not mentioned. Since haroset is singled out as optional, it follows that bitter herbs are not optional even for the first dipping, and that a benediction for non-bitter vegetables as food would not be valid for bitter herbs.. He said to him, since Rav dips with beets56Therefore it is preferable to use some other vegetable for the benediction over food and reserve bitter herbs for the biblically ordained ceremony. Babli 115a..
תַּגָּרֵי יְרוּשָׁלֵם הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים. בּוֹאוּ וּטְלוּ לָכֶם תַּבְלֵי מִצְוָה. בְּנֵי בֵייתֵיהּ דְּאִיסִּי בְשֵׁם אִיסִּי. וְלָמְּה נִקְרֵא שְׁמָהּ (דּוּכָה. דּוּ הָכָא עִימָּן) [רוֹבָה. שֶׁהִיא רַבָּה עִמּוֹ]. רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֵּן לֵוִי אָמַר. צְרִיכָה שֶׁתְּהֵא עַבַה. מִילְּתֵיהּ אָֽמְרָה. זֵיכֶר לַטִּיט. אִית תַּנָּיֵי תַנֵּי. צְרִיכָה שֶׁתְּהֵא רַכָּה. מִילְּתֵיהּ אָמַר. זֵיכֶר לַדָּם. The traders of Jerusalem used to say, “come and buy spices for the meritorious deed.57The haroset. Babli 116a.” The family of Issy in the same of Issy: Why is it57The haroset. Babli 116a. called “pounded”? Because one pounds58The spices and fruits are pounded to produce haroset. for it. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi said, it has to be thick. His word implies that it is a remembrance of the mortar59The mortar used by the Israelite slaves in Egypt.. There are Tannaim who state, it has to be soft60It needs added wine. (In Medieval sources, such as Or Zaruaˋ2, §256, the text is very different.). This word implies that it is a remembrance of the blood.
תַּנֵּי וּבִגְבוּלִין צְרִיכִין שְׁנֵי תַבְשִׁילִין אֶחָד זֵיכֶר לַפֶּסַח וְאֶחָד זֵיכֶר לַחֲגִיגָה. It was stated: Outside Jerusalem one needs two dishes61The common usage is a roasted bone and an egg. Babli 114b., one as remembrance of the Pesaḥ, and one as remembrance of the holiday offering.