משנה: וְאֵילּוּ הֵן אֱיגוֹזֵי פֶרֶךְ וְרִימּוֹנֵי בָדָן. וְחָבִיּוֹת סְתוּמוֹת. וְחוּלְפוֹת תְּרָדִין. וְקוּלְסֵי כְרוּב וּדְלַעַת יְוָנִית. רִבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר אַף כִּכָּרוֹת שֶׁלְבַּעַל הַבַּיִת. הָרָאוּי לְעָרְלָה עָרְלָה לְכִלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם כִּלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם. MISHNAH: They are: Breakable walnuts124According to Pesiqta Rabbati#11 (ed. M. Friedmann, Wien 1880, p. 42b) there are three kinds of walnuts: Those with breakable shells (which do not need a nutcracker), normal ones, and those with extra hard shells. and pomegranates from Badan125From Wadi Badya, between Nablus and Damieh., sealed amphoras126Of wine., beet roots127The Gaonic commentary to Uqeẓin 1:4 according to J. N. Epstein defines as spines of beet greens; he reads the Arabic definition as a gloss אלצלעא אלסִלק; the traditional reading is אצל אלסלק “beet root”. Meïri (Beẓah, ed. Lange-Schlesinger, Jerusalem 1965, p. 22) explains as: “A kind of beet which is not smooth but somewhat hairy, which is rough to the touch and very red; the expression חלפי comes from Alfalfa.”, heads of cabbage128According to I. Löw, this is a double Latin-Hebrew expression caulis כרוב., and Greek gourd. Rebbi Aqiba says, also non-commercial loaves129Bread baked at home; not baked in large series.. This refers to ‘orlah and vineyard kilaim, as the case may be130The first three items may be ‘orlah, the last four may be forbidden as vineyard kilaim..
הלכה: רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָעֵי. הָא שְׁקֵידֵי פֶרֶךְ לֹא. HALAKHAH: Rebbi Jonah asked: Therefore, not breakable almonds136Since almonds are not included in the Mishnah, they are assumed to be sold by weight.?
מַתְנִיתָא בִּסְתוּמָה בֵּין הַסְּתוּמוֹת. אֲבָל סְתוּמָה בֵּין הַפְּתוּחוֹת וְנִפְתְּחָה אוֹ פְתוּחָה בֵּין הַסְּתוּמוֹת וְנִסְתְּמָה צְרִיכוֹת שִׁיעוּר אֶחָד. הֵיךְ אֶיפְשָׁר לִפְתוּחָה אֶצֶל הַסְּתוּמוֹת. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעִירָה. תִּיפְתָּר בִּפְתוּחָה אֶצֶל הַחֶנְװָנִי שֶׁהִיא כִסְתוּמָה אֶצֶל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת. וְהָתַנִּי וְנִסְתְּמָה. תִּיפְתָּר שֶׁחָזַר [בַּעַל הַבַּיִת] וּנְטָלָהּ. The Mishnah is about sealed137Amphoras. among sealed. But a sealed one among open ones which was opened, or an open one among sealed ones which was sealed again need a measure1381 in 100 for kilaim, 1 in 200 for ‘orlah. When the sealed one was sealed among open amphoras, it was recognizable and no problem existed. This eliminates the rule that the barrel could never become insignificant.. How is an open one among sealed ones possible? Rebbi Zeïra said, explain as open at the grocer’s and sealed at the private person’s139It really is sealed all the time but since the seal of a private producer is flimsy compared to that of a winery which must prepare its amphoras for transport over longer distances, the grocer considers it as open since very little time will be needed to open it when necessary.. But did we not state “it was sealed again”? Explain it if the private person came and took it back.
רִבִּי קְרִיסְפָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. כָּל־אִילֵּין קִירָייָא וְקִרְװָתָא דַאֲנָן אָֽכְלִין דְּלַעַת יְװָנִית אִינּוּן. Rebbi Crispus in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: All these gourds and pumpkins we eat fall under the rules of Greek gourd.
רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָּעֵי. וְלָמָּה לֵי נָן אָֽמְרִין הָרָאוּי לִתְרוּמָה. אָמַר לֵיהּ רִבִּי יוֹסֵי תְּרוּמָה נוֹהֶגֶת בַּכֹּל. עָרְלָה אֵינָהּ נוֹהֶגֶת בַּכֹּל. Rebbi Jonah asked: Why do we not say it refers to heave? Rebbi Yose said to him: Heave always applies, ‘orlah does not always apply140It is true that the rules of the Mishnah also apply to ṭevel and untithed Badan pomegranates mixed with tithed ones always make ṭevel irrespective of the amounts. But their place is not in the Mishnah since “as the case may be” does not apply to heave which is a rabbinic obligation on all produce..