Jerusalem Talmud Niddah 2:6

משנה: חֲמִשָּׁה דָמִים טְמֵאִים בָּאִשָּׁה הָאָדוֹם וְהַשָּׁחוֹר וּכְקֶרֶן כַּרְכּוֹם וּכְמֵימֵי אֲדָמָה וְכַמֶּזֶג. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים אַף כִּימֵי תִּלְתָּן וּכְמֵימֵי בָּשָׂר צָלִי וּבֵית הִלֵּל מְטַהֲרִין. הַיָּרוֹק עֲקַבְיָה בֶּן מַהֲלַלְאֵל מְטַמֵּא וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִים. אָמַר רִבִּי מֵאִיר אִם אֵינוֹ מְטַמֵּא מִשּׁוּם כֶּתֶּם מְטַמֵּא מִשּׁוּם מַשְׁקֶה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר לֹא כָךְ וְלֹא כָךְ. MISHNAH: Five kinds of blood are impure from a woman: Red, black, like saffron stigma⁸¹Which has the shape of a horn, קרן., and like earth water⁸²Reddish ochre., and like mixed wine⁸³Red wine mixed with water.. The Hause of Shammai say, also like fenugreek water and like roast beef juice, but the House of Hillel declare these pure. The green⁸⁵Yellowish green, the color of an etrog(citrus medica). Aqabia ben Mahalalel declares impure but the Sages declare it pure. Rebbi Meïr said, if it does not cause impurity as a stain, it causes impurity as a body fluid⁸⁶The body fluids (blood, urine) of a menstruating woman are sources of original impurity.. Rebbi Yose says, neither one nor the other.

הלכה: חֲמִשָּׁה דָמִים טְמֵאִים בָּאִשָּׁה כול׳. רַב וְרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן תְּרִיהוֹן אָֽמְרִין. אַרְבָּעָה דָמִים הֵן. אָדוֹם הוּא שֶׁהוּא לוֹקֶה וְנַעֲשֶׂה שָׁחוֹר. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. שָׁחוֹר בָּא מִכּוּלָּן. מְנַיִין לַחֲמִשָּׁה דָמִים טְמֵאִין מִן הַתּוֹרָה. אָמַר רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי. וְהִיא גִילְתָה אֶת מְקוֹר דָּמֶיהָ. וְטָהֲרָה מִמְּקוֹר דָּמֶיהָ. דָּם יִהְיֶה זוֹבָהּ בִּבְשָׂרָהּ. וְהָא וְאִשָּׁה כִּי יָזוּב זוֹב דָּמָהּ מִינְּהוֹן הוּא. אֶלָּא שֶׁבָּא עָלֶיהָ בִימֵי זִיבָתָהּ וְעָשָׂה אוֹתָהּ זִיבָה. וּמְנַיִין שֶׁיֵּשׁ דָּמִים טְמֵאִין וְיֵשׁ דָּמִים טְהוֹרִין. רִבִּי חָמָא בַּר יוֹסֵף בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָא. כְּתִיב כִּי יִפָּלֶא מִמְּךָ דָבָר לִמִּשְׁפָּט בֵּין דָּם לְדָם אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן אֶלָּא בֵּין דָּם לְדָם. מִיכָּן שֶׁיֵּשׁ דָּמִים טְמֵאִין וְיֵשׁ דָּמִים טְהוֹרִין. HALAKHAH: “Five kinds of blood are impure from a woman,” etc. Rav and Rebbi Joḥanan both say that there are four kinds of blood. The red one oxydizes and becomes black⁸⁷In the Niddah.19a">Babli, 19a, Niddah.20a">20a, this is a statement of R. Ḥanina supported by a Tannaїtic statement. Samuel’s statement is ascribed there to Rami bar Abba, a student of Rav Huna.. Samuel said, black comes from all of them. From where that there are five kinds of blood impure by the Torah? Rebbi Joshua ben Levi said, “she uncovered the source of her bloods⁸⁸Leviticus.20.18">Lev. 20:18.,” “she shall be purified from the source of her bloods,⁸⁹Leviticus.12.7">Lev. 12:7.” “blood will be the excretion of her genitals.⁹⁰Leviticus.15.19">Lev. 15:19.This verse is not quoted in the Niddah.19a">Babli, 19a, since only four kinds of blood have to be established. Also, that verse is needed to establish the fact that a menstruating woman is impure; in the hermeneutics of the Babli it cannot be used to establish details of the rule. The other two verses mention the blood as a kind of side remark; they can be used to establish the details. The argument is that in both verses the plural is used; an indefinite plural always means 2 (cf. H. Guggenheimer, Logical Problems in Jewish Tradition; cf. Niddah 1:6:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Niddah.1.6.1">Chapter 1, Note 83), and 2+2 = 4.” But “a woman whose excretion of blood flows”⁹¹Leviticus.15.25">Lev. 15:25. is also there! That only comes to her in the days of her excessive flow to turn her into a zavah⁹²The verse deals with a different subject, with blood that is not menstrual.. From where that there is impure and pure blood? Rebbi Ḥama ben Joseph in the name of Rebbi Hoshaiah⁹³Quoted in the Niddah.19a">Babli, 19a, in the names of the same authors.: It is written: “If something in the law is too difficult for you;” then it is not written “whether blood and blood” but “between blood and blood”⁹⁴Deuteronomy.17.8">Deut. 17:8., that shows that there is impure and pure blood⁹⁵That there are cases of impurity of blood which need a judicial determination..

בֵּית שַׁמַּי אוֹמְרִים אַף כִּמֵימֵי תִּלְתָּן וּכְמֵימֵי בָּשָׂר צָלִי. הֲרֵי שִׁבְעָה. דּוֹמִין הֵן לְמֵימֵי אֲדָמָה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בְשֵׁם רַב חֲבֵרַייָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. לא טִימֵּא רִבִּי מֵאִיר אֶלָּא שֶׁנָּגַע בּוֹ עֲקִיבָה. וִיטַמֵּא כִּמֵימֵי תִּלְתָּן וּכְמֵימֵי בָּשָׂר צָלִי שֶׁנָּֽגְעוּ בָהֶן בֵּית שַׁמַּי. אוֹמְרִין הֵן. דּוֹמִים לְמֵימֵי אֲדָמָה. דָּם טָהוֹר מַכְשִׁיר. דָּם טָמֵא אֵינוֹ מַכְשִׁיר. “The Hause of Shammai say, also like fenugreek water and like roast beef juice.” That makes seven⁹⁶The preceding paragraph established that there can be only five kinds.. They are similar to earth water⁹⁷Not counted separately.. Rebbi Yose in the name of Rav, the colleagues in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Rebbi Meïr did not declare impure, only Aqabia mentioned it⁹⁸As explained in Tractate Demay, Chapter 2, Notes 136, 137, 141, dry harvested produce remains impervious to impurity as long as it remains dry. But if it is wetted by human body fluids, it becomes susceptible to impurity. R. Meïr agrees that green discharge is not menstrual blood and therefore not impure in itself, but as a body fluid it will have the power to prepare dry food for impurity. R. Yose objects since a green discharge is not blood and only blood, breast milk, sweat, spittle, semen, and urine are the body fluids which prepare for impurity.. Then it also should bring impurity like fenugreek water and like roast beef juice which were mentioned by the House of Shammai! These are similar to earth water⁹⁹Therefore, the House of Hillel will agree that they can prepare for impurity.. Pure blood prepares for impurity, impure blood does not prepare¹⁰⁰This is a minority opinion of R. Eleazar ben Azariah, Makhshirin 6:5" href="/Mishnah_Makhshirin.6.5">Mishnah Makhširin 6:5. According to the majority opinion, in general what prepares does not make impure but menstrual blood prepares and transfers impurity at the same moment. For this opinion, one would translate: “Impure blood does not need preparation.”.