Jerusalem Talmud Makkot 3:2

משנה: הַטָּמֵא שֶׁאָכַל אֶת הַקּוֹדֶשׁ וְהַבָּא אֶל הַמִּקְדָּשׁ טָמֵא הָאוֹכֵל חֵלֶב וְדָם וְנוֹתָר וּפִגּוּל וְטָמֵא הַשּׁוֹחֵט וְהַמַּעֲלֶה בַחוּץ וְהָאוֹכֵל חָמֵץ בַּפֶּסַח. וְהָאוֹכֵל וְהָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכָה בְּיוֹם הַכִּיפּוּרִים וְהַמְּפַטֵּם אֶת הַשֶּׁמֶן וְהַמְפַטֵּם אֶת הַקְּטוֹרֶת וְהַסָךְ בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וְהָאוֹכֵל נְבֵילוֹת וּטְרֵיפוֹת שְׁקָצִים וּרְמָשִׂים. אָכַל טֶבֶל וּמַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן שֶׁלֹּא נִיטְּלוּ תְרוּמָתוֹ וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי וְהֶקְדֵּשׁ שֶׁלֹּא נִפְדּוּ. כַּמָּה יֹאכַל מִן הַטֶּבֶל וִיהֵא חַייָב. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר כָּל שֶׁהוּא וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים כַּזָּיִת. אָמַר לָהֶן רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אֵין אַתֶּם מוֹדִין לִי בָּאוֹכֵל (נְבֵילָה) [נְמָלָה] כָּל־שֶׁהוּא שֶׁהוּא חַייָב. אָמְרוּ לוֹ מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא כְבִרְייָתָהּ. אָמַר לָהֶן אַף חִיטָּה אַחַת כְּבִירְיָתָהּ׃ MISHNAH: An impure person who ate holy food¹²Leviticus.7.20">Lev. 7:20,Leviticus.7.21">21; transgressions punishable by extirpation., or who came into the Temple when impure¹³Numbers.19.13">Num. 19:13.. One who eats fat¹⁴Leviticus.7.25">Lev. 7:25., or blood¹⁵Leviticus.7.27">Lev. 7:27., or leftover, or piggul¹⁶Leviticus.19.8">Lev. 19:8., or impure¹⁷“Leftover” refers to meat from acceptable sacrifices which was not eaten during the statutory time limit. Piggul is a sacrifice which was offered with the idea in mind (of the offerer or the officiating priest) that it should be eaten out of its allotted time (or place); Leviticus.7.18">Lev. 7:18,Leviticus.19.8">19:8. The root of piggul probably is فجل “to be soft”. [sacrificial meat]. One who sacrifices outside¹⁹Leviticus.17.4">Lev. 17:4., or one who eats leavened matter on Passover²⁰Exodus.12.19">Ex. 12:19.. One who eats or does work on the Day of Atonement²¹Leviticus.23.29-30">Lev. 23:29–30., and one who compounds the oil²²Exodus.30.33">Ex. 30:33. The anointing oil in the proportions spelled out there., or compounds the incense²³For profane purposes, Exodus.30.38">Ex. 30:38. Incense had to be compounded fresh every year., and who rubs with the anointing oil²²Exodus.30.33">Ex. 30:33. The anointing oil in the proportions spelled out there., and one who eats carcass²⁴Deuteronomy.14.21">Deut. 14:21, a simple prohibition. or torn meat²⁵Exodus.22.30">Ex. 22:30, a simple prohibition., abominations and crawling things²⁶Leviticus.11.11">Lev. 11:11,Leviticus.11.44">44.. If one ate ṭevel²⁷Fully harvested produce of which the priests’ heave was not taken; Leviticus.22.10">Lev. 22:10. or first tithe from which heave was not taken²⁸The obligation is Numbers.18.28">Num. 18:28, the penalty Numbers.18.32">Num. 18:32., or second tithe²⁹Outside the place of the Sanctuary it needs redemption, Deuteronomy.14.24">Deut. 14:24. or dedicated food³⁰Donated to the Temple to be sold for its value, not dedicated to the altar; Leviticus.27.11">Lev. 27:11. which was not redeemed. How much does he have to eat from ṭevel to be liable? Rebbi Simeon says, anything; but the Sages say, the volume of an olive. Rebbi Simeon told them, do you not agree that one who eats (carcass meat) [an ant]³¹In editio princeps and ms., נבילה “carcass meat”. In all other sources נמלה “ant”. The latter reading is the only one which makes sense since it both is forbidden (Leviticus.11.42">Lev. 11:42) and much less than the size of an olive. is liable? They told him, because it is a creature. He answered them, also a grain of wheat³²Given as heave (biblically restricted to grain, wine, and olive oil). is a creature.