משנה: מֵאֵימָתַי הַפֵּירוֹת חַייָבִין בְּמַעְשְׂרוֹת תְּאֵינִים מִשֶּׁיַּבְחִילוּ. וְהָעֲנָבִים וְהַבְּאוּשִׁין מִשֶּׁהִבְאִישׁוּ. הָאוֹג וְהַתּוּתִים מִשֶׁיַּאְדִּימוּ וְכָל־הָאֲדוֹמִים מִשֶׁיַּאְדִּימוּ. הָרִימּוֹנִים מִשֶׁיִּמַּסּוּ. הַתְּמָרִים מִשֶׁיַטִּילוּ שְׂאוֹר. הַפֶּרְסִיקִין מִשֶׁיַּטִּילוּ גִידִין. וְהָאֶגּוֹזִים מִשֶׁיֵּעָשׂוּ מְגוֹרָה. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר הָאֶגּוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵידִים מִשֶּׁיַעֲשׂוּ קְלִיפָּה. הֶחָרוּבִין מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקֵידוּ וְכָל־הַשְּׁחוֹרִים מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקֵידוּ. וְהָאֲגָסִים וְהַקְּרוּסְטוֹמֵלִין וְהַפָּרִישִׂין וְהַחִזְרָרִין מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרֵיחוּ וְכָל־הַלְּבָנִים מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרֵחוּ. הַתִּלְתָּן כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּצְמַח. הַתְּבוּאָה וְהַזֵּיתִים מִשֶּׁיַּכְנִיסוּ שְׁלִישׁ. MISHNAH: From when are fruits subject to tithes? Figs from the moment they start to ripen, grapes and wild grapes when they start to produce sap. Sumac and mulberries when they start to become red, and all red fruits when they start to become red. Pomegranates when they become soft, dates when they start to become bloated. Peaches when they get stripes, walnuts when they form a container. Rebbi Jehudah says, walnuts and almonds when they develop a shell.
Carobs from when they become spotted, and all black ones when they become spotted66When the originally green pods start developing black spots.. Pears, golden apples, quince, and sorbs67These trees have been identified in Kilaim 1:4, Notes 73,74., when they get bald68When they lose their down-like small hairs., and all white ones when they get bald. Fenugreek so that a new plant grows69When the fenugreek seeds will produce new plants.. And olives when they contain a third70This has been explained in Sheviit 4:7:2" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Sheviit.4.7.2">Ševi‘it 4:9, Note 104. It really means that the olives, when pressed, yield one ninth of the amount of oil recoverable from ripe fruits..
הלכה: בִּיחִילוּ רִבִּי חִייָה בַּר װָא אָמַר חָֽיְתָה. כְּמַה דְתֵימַר וְגַם נַפְשָׁם בָּחֲלָה בִי. רִבִּי אַבָּא בַּר יַעֲקֹב מִשֵּׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן מִשֶׁיַּאֲדִימוּ פְנֵיהֶם. וְכָל־הַתְּאֵנִים פִּיהֶם מַאֲדִימוֹת. רִבִּי תַנְחוּם בַּר מָרִיוֹן בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן לוֹקֵחַ אַחַת וּמַנִּיח. אִם בְּשֵׁלָה בְתוֹךְ כְּדֵי מֵעֵת לְעֵת חַייָבוֹת וְאִם לָאו פְּטוּרוֹת. HALAKHAH: What means ביחילו? Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, if it comes alive, as you say (Zechariah.11.8">Zach. 11:8): “And their souls were too much for me.38Cf. Sheviit 7:1:17" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Sheviit.7.1.17">Ševi‘it Chapter 7, Note 84. “Coming alive” means getting some moisture in the fruit.” Rebbi Abba bar Jacob in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: When they start to become red outside39Here and in the paragraph on mulberries, “red” means any color other than green. Figs are either green or dark violet.. Do all figs become red on the outside? Rebbi Tanḥum bar Marion said in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: He takes one and puts it somewhere. If that one ripens within 24 hours they are obligated, otherwise they are free.
פיסקא. הָָעֲנָבִים וְהַבְּאוּשִׁין מִשֶּׁהִבְאִישׁוּ. רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יָסָא מִשֶּׁיִּקְרְאוּ בְּאִישָׁה. רִבִּי אַייְבוֹ בַּר נַגָּרִי רִבִּי תַנְחוּם בַּר עִילַּאי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי נָחוּם בַּר סִימַּאי וְהוּא שֶׁתְּהֵא חַרְצַנָּהּ שֶׁלָּהֶן נִרְאֵית מִבְּחוּץ. New section. “Grapes and wild grapes when they start to produce sap.” Rebbi Zeїra in the name of Rebbi Yasa: When they are called wretched grapes40Bad but edible. R. Isaac Simponti notes that such grapes are called uve malate in Italian, paralleling the language of the Mishnah.. Rebbi Ayvo bar Nagari41Tiberian Amora, student of R. Ḥiyya bar Abba and R. Ila., Rebbi Tanḥum bar Ilaї42Elsewhere, he is called R. Tanḥum bar Ḥanilaï or bar Ḥanina; a student of R. Joshua ben Levi and teacher of R. Levi. in the name of Rebbi Naḥum bar Simai: Only if their seeds are visible from the outside43The skin becomes transparent..
אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן רְכִיב הֲוִינָא עַל כִּיתְפֵי דְסַבִּי וְשָֽׁמְעִית קָלֵיהּ דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר יְתִיב מַתְנֵי. מַכְנִיסִין בִּמְעֵי מֵלַפֶּפּוֹן וְאֵין מַכְנִיסִין בִּמְעֵי אֲבַטִּיחַ. מָה בֵּין מֵיעֵי מֵלַפֶּפּוֹן לִמְעֵי אֲבַטִּיחַ. אָמַר רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר בַּרְסָנָא מֵעֵי מֵלַפֶּפּוֹן לָאֲכִילָה. מְעֵי אֲבַטִּיחַ לִזְרִיעָה. אִם אוֹמֵר אַתְּ כֵּן נִמְצֵאתָ מְכַבֵּד אֶת הַקַּרְקַע בְּשַׁבָּת. Rebbi Joḥanan said: I was riding on my grandfather’s shoulder when I heard the voice of Rebbi Simeon ben Eleazar who was sitting and stating: “One collects the insides of a sweet melon44The seeds and the loose tissue in which they are embedded. but one does not collect the insides of a water melon.” What is the difference between the insides of a sweet melon and those of a water melon? Rebbi Simeon ben Barsana45In Terumot 2:1:19" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Terumot.2.1.19">Terumot 2, Note 72, he is called ben Karsana, in the Rome ms. ben Parsana. said, the insides of a sweet melon are for eating, those of a water melon for sowing. If you would say so, you will end up sweeping the ground on the Sabbath46It is difficult to understand what the entire paragraph means and how much to trust the testimony of a toddler. It is not known which kind of melon corresponds to melopepo; it must be a kind whose seeds, similar to pumpkin seeds, are food after roasting. Water melon seeds with their thick, black shell are not treated as food and never subject of separate tithe. Sweeping the floor on the Sabbath is forbidden, cf. Šabbat 3:4 (fol. 6a), Tosephta Šabbat 16:20. One has to assume that R. Simeon ben Eleazar permits to collect (for roasting during the week) on the Sabbath the seeds of sweet melon eaten with the Sabbath dinner; the commentary of the editors of the Talmud is that in that case, people will come to sweep their dirt floors, קרקע, to collect the seeds, which may be forbidden by biblical law. (The sweeping of stone floors, ריצפה, is only forbidden by rabbinic decree as a weekday occupation.).
פּיסקא. כָּל־הָאֲדוֹמִין מִשֶׁיַּאֲדִימוּ. מְייָשָׁא תַּנֵּי רִימוֹן שֶׁנִּיקְּרָה בוֹ אֲפִילוּ פְרִידָה אַחַת כּוּלָּהּ חִיבּוּר לְמַעֲשֵׂר. אֶשְׁכּוֹל שֶׁבִּישֵּׁל בּוֹ אֲפִילוּ גַרְגִּר יְחִידִי כּוּלּוֹ חִיבּוּר לְמַעְשְׂרוֹת. אָמַר רִבִּי חֲנִינָה פָּֽשְׁטוּ הוּא לָן כָּל־אוֹתָהּ הַגֶּפֶן כָּל־אוֹתוֹ הַמִּין. חָֽזְרוּ וּפָֽשְׁטוּ לוֹ כָּל־אוֹתָהּ הָרוּחַ. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן אוֹמֵר כָּל־אוֹתוֹ הַכֶּרֶם. הָיָה כֶרֶם קָטָן וַעֲשָׂאוֹ גָדוֹל. גָּדוֹל וַעֲשָׂאוֹ קָטָן אֶחָד וַעֲשָׂאוֹ שְׁנַיִם שְׁנַיִם וַעֲשָׂאוֹ אֶחָד. New section. “All red fruits when they start to become red.” Miasha47Usually he is called Rebbi Miasha. R. S. Lieberman (Tosefta kifshutah Zeraïm p. 667), who holds that R. Ḥanina mentioned later is the first generation Amora, takes מיישא to be the sugar-berry-tree, Celtis australis, mentioned as illustration of the Mishnah. Then he starts a new sentence: “It was stated …” stated: Even if only one pomegranate was soft, all48The entire pomegranate tree is now subject to tithes. The Hebrew text is difficult, the interpretation follows Maimonides (Ma‘serot 2:5). is connected for tithe. “A bunch of grapes one berry of which became red is all connected for tithes.49A similar statement, in the name of R. Ismael ben R. Yose, is in Demay1:1 (Note 53) and Tosephta Ma‘serot1:1.” Rebbi Ḥanina said, they50The missing subject must be R. Miasha and his school. This shows that “R. Ḥanina” here is the fourth generation Amora who usually is called R. Ḥanania. made it clear to us, [this refers to] the entire vine, even to the entire strain51All vines of the same strain in the vineyard.. They50The missing subject must be R. Miasha and his school. This shows that “R. Ḥanina” here is the fourth generation Amora who usually is called R. Ḥanania. added and made it clear, all this direction52All vines of this strain in this direction as seen from the dwelling of the owner.. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, the entire vineyard. If it was a small vineyard and he made it large, large and he made it small, one and he split in into two, two which he united53Small and large vineyards are defined in Kilaim Chapter 4. Since one now agrees that one berry makes the entire vineyard subject to tithes, the question is whether the legal definition of the vineyard refers to the time the first berry became red or to the time of tithing. The question is not answered, probably because it never arose in a practical case.?
שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר דְּלַעַת שֶׁנִּיקְּרָה בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ כָּל־אוֹתָהּ הַגּוּמָא אֲסוּרָה. אַף בְּמַכְבֵּדוֹת תְּמָרָה כֵן. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי שָׁאַל יוֹנָתָן בֶּן חֲרָשָׁא אִישׁ גִּינָּיסַר אֶת רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל וַחֲכָמִים בְּיַבְנֶה. נִיקּוּרֵי רֶטֶב בָּאֲבִיהֶן מָה הֵן. אָֽמְרוּ לוֹ כָּל־אוֹתוֹ הַדֶּקֶל אָסוּר. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי לָכֵן צְרִיכָה בְּשֵׁנִּיקְּרוּ כוּלָּן. שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר הוֹאִיל וְאֵין דֶּרֶךְ הַנָּחָשׁ לַעֲשׂוֹת כֵּן. אֲנִי אוֹמֵר עָנָן שֶׁל צִיפּוֹרִים שָׁכַן עֲלֵיהֶן וְנִיקְּרוּ. רִבִּי יוֹנָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן חֲסִידָא נִיקּוּרֵי רֶטֶב בָּאֲבִיהֶן אָסוּר וְהָרַבִּים נָהֲגוּ בְהֶן הֵיתֵר וְאֵינָן נִיזּוֹקִין. Samuel said, if a pumpkin was punctured, all that grows in that depression is forbidden54It was the practice to plant several pumpkins at opposite corners of a depression and to make them grow in different directions, cf. Kilayim 3:1:2-7" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Kilayim.3.1.2-7">Kilaim 3:1.. The same holds for bunches of dates55The entire bunch is forbidden if one date shows a puncture mark that might come from a snake bite; cf. Terumot 8:4-5.. “56Tosephta Kelim Baba Batra 5:6. Rebbi Yose said, Jonathan ben Ḥarasha from Genezareth57Nothing else is known about him. asked Rabban Gamliel and the Sages at Jabneh: What is the status of punctured soft dates on their tree? They said to him, that entire date palm is forbidden.” Rebbi Yose58The Amora. said, that statement is needed if all [dates] are punctured; you should not say, since a snake does not usually do this, a cloud of birds rested on them and pecked at them. Rebbi Jonah in the name of Rebbi Simeon the Pious: Punctured soft dates on their tree are forbidden, but people behave as if they were permitted and they are not hurt.
פּיסקא. הָרִימוֹנִים מִשֶׁיִּמַּסּוּ. רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יָסָא מִשֶּׁיִּתְמָעֵךְ הָאוֹכֶל תַּחַת יָדָיו. רִבִּי יוּדָה בַּר פָּזִי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּר לֵוִי מִשֵּׁיַּכְנִיסוּ מֶחֱצָה. רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָּעֵי דִּילְמָא מִן רַבָּנִין דַּאֲגַדְּתָא הוּא שָׁמַע לָהּ. אַחֵינוּ הֵמַסּוּ אֶת לְבָבֵינוּ. פַּלְגּוֹן לְבָבֵינוּ. New section. “Pomegranates when they get soft.” Rebbi Zeïra in the name of Rebbi Assi: When the food gets soft in his hand. Rebbi Jehudah bar Pazi in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: From when half the juice is in them. Rebbi Jonah asked: Maybe he understood that from teachers of homilies? (Deuteronomy.1.28">Deut. 1:28) “Our brethren made our hearts melt,” they split our hearts in two59This interpretation, taking the hiph‘il of מסס as Greek ἥμισυς “half”, is not recorded in any Targum or known Midrash. From the homily one might infer that the local pronunciation of הֵמַסּוּ was הֵמִסּוּ or that the short vowels a,i were practically indistinguishable.
R. Jonah’s objection determines practice according to R. Zeïra..
הַתְּמָרִים מִשֶׁיַטִּילוּ שְׂאוֹר. רִבִּי חִייָה בַּר װָא אָמַר מִשֶּׁתִּימָּלֵא הַחֶרֶץ. רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָּעֵי מַה נָן קַייָמִין אִם בְּשֶׁיִּתְמַלֵּא הַחֶרֶץ נוֹבֶלֶת הִיא. אִם מִשֶּׁתִּפְרוֹשׁ גַּרְעִינָהּ מִתּוֹךְ הָאוֹכֶל בְּשֵׁילָה הִיא כָל־צוֹרְכָהּ. רַבָּנָן דְּקֵיסָרִין אָֽמְרֵי וְיִהְיוּ יָפוֹת לָאֲכִילָה. “Dates when they start to become bloated.” Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, when the indentation is straightened out60If the shape of the date is convex all around.. Rebbi Jonah asked: How do we hold? If the indentation is straightened out, it is wind-fall61A normal date is concave around the pedicle. If it is bloated there also, is it unsound and not food.! If the pit can be separated, it is fully ripe62In that case, one does not need a special rule.! The rabbis from Caesarea say, when they are ready to be eaten.
הַפֶּרְסִיקִין מִשֶׁיַּטִּילוּ גִידִים. רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְשֵׁם אִיסִּי מִשֶׁיַּטִּילוּ גִידִין אֲדוּמִין. “Peaches when they get stripes.” Rebbi Zeïra in the name of Assi: When they get red stripes.
הָאֶגּוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵדִים מִשֶׁיֵּעָשׂוּ מְגוֹרָה. רִבִּי יוּדָה אוֹמֵר הָאֶגּוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵידִים מִשֶּׁיַעֲשׂוּ קְלִיפָּה. אָֽמְרוּ בַּקְּלִיפָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁהִיא סְמוּכָה לָאוֹכֶל. מוֹדִין חֲכָמִים לְרִבִּי יוּדָה בָּאַלְצָרִין וּבְאִפִּיסְטָקִין וּבְאִיצְטְרוֹבֵּילִין מִשֶּׁיַעֲשׂוּ קְלִיפָּה. “Walnuts and almonds when they form a container63A hard shell acting as a container for the edible nut.. Rebbi Jehudah says, walnuts and almonds when they develop a shell. They said, the inner skin close to the edible part. The Sages agree with Rebbi Jehudah regarding filberts64Determination of I. Löw and S. Liebermann (Tosefta ki-fshutah p. 667–668). Following Payne-Smith, the same word in Syriac denotes pistachios, but this cannot be the meaning in Hebrew since pistachios are mentioned separately., pistachios, pine nuts, when they develop a shell.65Tosephta Ma‘serot 1:1: “Filberts, pistachios, pine nuts, when they develop a shell. Walnuts and almonds when they form a container, Rebbi Jehudah says, when they develop a shell. What shell did they talk about? The inner skin close to the edible part.” In this formulation, practice follows R. Jehudah; in the formulation of the Yerushalmi it follows the Sages.”
תַּנֵּי רִבִּי חִינְנָא בַּר פַּפָּא חֲרוּבִין שִׁילְשׁוּלָן הוּא חֲנָטָן. וְכָל־הַשְּׁחוֹרִין כְּגוֹן עִינְּבֵי הַדַּס וְעִינְּבֵי סְנֶה מִשֶּׁיִּנָּקֵידוּ. תַּנֵּי רִבִּי חִינְנָא בַּר פַּפָּא מִשֶׁיַּעֲשׂוּ נְקוּדוֹת נְקוּדוֹת שְׁחוֹרוֹת. הַפְּרִישִׂין אִיסָפַרְגְּלִין וְלָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמָן פְּרִישִׂין שֶׁאֵין לָךְ מִין אִילָן שֶׁהוּא פָּרִישׂ לִקְדֵירָה אֶלָּא זֶה בִּלְבָד. Rebbi Ḥinena bar Pappa stated, for carob trees their forming clusters means their sprouting71This sentence is from Ševi‘it Halakhah 4:10.. “All black ones”, e. g., bunches of the myrtle and bunches of senna [berries]. Quince, quince72The same meaning; the first word is in Hebrew, the second in Syriac. This statement and the next sentence are from Kilayim 1:4:2" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Kilayim.1.4.2">Kilaim 1:4, Notes 78–79.. Why are they called “prepared”, because there is no tree only producing for the pot except that kind.
פּיסקא א. וְכָל־הַלְּבָנִים. כְּגוֹן אִילֵּין מרפייתה. מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרֵיחוּ. רִבִּי חִינְנָא בַּר פַּפָּא אָמַר מִשֶּׁיַּעֲשׂוּ קְרָחוֹת קְרָחוֹת לְבָנוֹת. תַּנִּי רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יוֹחַי מִשֶּׁיַּזְחִילוּ מַיִם. אָתָא עוּבְדָא קוֹמֵי רִבִּי חֲנִינָה וּבְעָא לְמֵיעֲבַד כְּרִבִּי חִינְנָא בַּר פַּפָּא. חָזַר וְאָמַר וְכִי מַחְמַת הָאוֹכֶל הֵן מַקְרִיחוֹת. לֹא מַחְמַת הַתּוֹלָעַת שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהֶן. New section 1. “All white ones,” e. g. מרפייתא73This fruit has not been identified. The Rome ms. has מספייתא which Löw reads as מספילתא “medlars”.. Rebbi Ḥinena bar Pappa said, when they get white bald spots. Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥai stated, when water starts to flow in them74When juice can be extracted from the fruit.. There came a case before Rebbi Ḥanina and he wanted to act following Rebbi Ḥinena bar Pappa. He had second thoughts and said, do they get bald because of the edible part? Rather it is because a worm is in them!
פּיסקא ב. הַתִּלְתָּן מִשֶּׁתִּצְמַח. כֵּינִי מַתְנִיתָא כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּזָּרַע וְתִצְמַח. כֵּיצַד הוּא בוֹדֵק. רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָן בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹנָתָן נוֹטֵל מְלֹא קוּמְצוֹ וְנוֹתֵן לְתוֹךְ הַסֶּפֶל שֶׁל מַיִם אִם שָׁקַע רוּבָּהּ חַייֶבֶת. וְאִם לָאו פְּטוּרָה. רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָּעֵי מֵעַתָּה מַה שֶׁשִּׁיקַּע יְהֵא חַייָב. וּמַה שֶׁלֹּא שִׁיקַּע יְהֵא פָטוּר. אֶלָּא בְּרוֹב כָּל־פְּרִידָה וּפְרִידָה אִיתְאֲמָרַת. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן וְכֵינִי בְּרוֹב כָּל־פְּרִידָה וּפְרִידָה אִיתְאֲמָרַת. New paragraph 2. “Fenugreek so that a new plant grows.” So is the Mishnah: So that it would grow if sown75The criterion is obviously impractical for fenugreek grown for sale. Hence, it must be formulated as hypothetical.. How can one check? Rebbi Samuel bar Naḥman in the name of Rebbi Jonathan: He takes a handful and puts it into a pot full of water. If the greater part of it will sink down, it is obligated; otherwise it is exempt. Rebbi Jonah asked: In this case, should not that which sank down be obligated, what did not sink down be exempted76Since fenugreek seeds are extremely small and valuable, a handful of seeds will come from many plants and, therefore, all seeds from one ear can sink or float. This would make the ear either subject to tithes or exempt.The advice to take a handful is impractical.? But it must have been said about the greater part of each single ear77The basic method of checking is correct; it leads to the determination whether there is an obligation or not. But it must be applied to each ear separately (as long as there is any doubt.). Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun confirmed: It has been said about the greater part of each single ear.
אָמַר רִבִּי זְעִירָא כְּתִיב עַשֵּׂר תְעַשֵּׂר אֵת כָּל־תְּבוּאַת זַרְעֶךָ. דָּבָר שֶׁהוּא נִזְרָע וּמַצְמִיחַ יָצָא פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁלִישׁ שֶׁאֵינוֹ נִזְרֶָע וּמַצְמִיחַ. רִבִּי חִינְנָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי זֵיתִים וַעֲנָבִים שֶׁלֹּא הֵבִיאוּ שְׁלִישׁ אַף הַמַּשְׁקִין הַיּוֹצְאִין מֵהֶן. לְהַכְשִׁיר אֵין מַכְשִׁירִין. Rebbi Zeïra said: It is written (Deuteronomy.14.22">Deut 14:22): “You shall certainly tithe all your seed-yield.” Anything which will grow when sown78Is subject to tithes. This paragraph starts the discussion of the last part of the Mishnah, about olives. This interpretation of the verse, universally accepted in the Yerushalmi (cf. Ševi‘it2:7, fol. 34a, Ḥallah 1:4, fol. 57d), is in the Sukkah.36a">Babli (Sukkah 36a) ascribed to R. Simeon only, as a minority opinion.; this excludes seeds less than one-third ripe which will not grow when sown. Rebbi Ḥinena in the name of Rebbi: The fluids from grapes or olives which are not one-third ripe will not prepare [for impurity79Cf. Demay Chapter 2, Notes 136,141.].
רִבִּי חִייָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה זֵיתִים מֵאֵימָתַי חַייָבוֹת בְּמַעְשְׂרוֹת מִשֶּׁיְבַכֵּר צַמְייָא קַייְטָא. לֹא בִיכֵּר צַמְייָא קַייְטָא. מִשֶׁבִּיכִּירוּ בְּנוֹת שֶׁבַע. לֹא בִיכִּירוּ בְּנוֹת שֶׁבַע. מִשֶּׁיּוּרוּ מֻרְוִיּוֹת שְׁנִייָה שֶׁבְּמוּקְצֶה. רִבִּי לָֽעְזָר בֵּירִבִּי יוֹסֵי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי תַּנְחוּם בַּר חִייָה מִשֶׁיְּבַכְּרוּ בְּנוֹת שֶׁבַע לְבָנוֹת. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן וּבִלְבַד בְּנוֹת שֶׁבַע שֶׁבְּאוֹתוֹ מָקוֹם. Rebbi Ḥiyya80The Great Rebbi Ḥiyya. in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina: From when are olives subject to tithes81As a practical criterion.? When the quickly growing summer fruit82These fruits have not been identified. first ripens. If no quickly growing summer fruit ripens, when white figs83Cf. Mishnah Demay 1:1, Ševi‘it4:1. These figs stay on the tree for three years; one looks at the first ripe fruits of the third year. first ripen. If there are no white figs to ripen, when the second batch is seen in the muqẓeh84This is the place where cut-up (קצה) figs are left to ferment to be made into fig cakes. {Since during the fermentation process the figs are inedible, the term muqẓeh is transferred (regarding the rules of Sabbath and holidays) to denote anything unusable which, therefore, may not be moved on the Sabbath or the holiday.}. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yose said in the name of Rebbi Tanḥum bar Ḥiyya, when the first really white white figs ripen. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, this refers only to white figs of the same place.