משנה: הַבִּרְסִים וְהַבֻּרְדְּסִין וְהַדַּלְמַטִּיקִיּוֹן וּמִנְעֲלוֹת הַפִּינוֹן לֹא יִלְבְּשֵׁם עַד שֶׁיִּבְדּוֹק. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר אַף הַבָּאִים מֵחוֹף הַיָּם וּמִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם אֵינָן צְרִיכִין בְּדִיקָה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁחֶזְקָתָן בְּקַנַּבִּס. וּמִנְעַל שֶׁל זֶרֶד אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם כִּלְאַיִם. MISHNAH: Birsīm139In the Leyden ms. הבדסים, the Rome ms. היכרסין, the Cambridge ms. of the Yerushalmi Mishnah הבידסין, some Genizah fragments הבידסין. In Sifry Deut. 234 the readings are בורסים in most sources, but also בירסין, בידסרין, in Tosephta Kelim Baba batra 5:11 בורסין. Arukh reads בדס. Since the word itself was no longer understood by the Amoraïm, the explanation is given in the Halakhah., Burdesīm140Reading of most Mishnah mss.; the only variant is הברדיסין. In Sifry בורדסים, ברדסין, בירדסין, כרדסין, בררסין. In Tosephta ברתסין., and Dalmatian garb as well as pinon141Mishnah readings פונון, פיבון and Rome ms. פיטין. The common explanation is from Greek πῖλος, ὁ, “felt (as lining of helmets, shoes, etc.); felt cloth”, but felt is commonly called לבד in Mishnah and Tosephta; the Halakhah defines these “shoes” as socks. shoes one should not wear unless one checks them. Rebbi Yose says, those coming from the sea shore in maritime countries do not have to be checked because usually they are made from hemp. Padded142The Mishnah mss. of the Maimonides tradition, the Rome ms., and the Leyden text in the Halakhah, all read זדב, this has been taken as the basis of the translation. shoes have no problem with kilaim.
הלכה: הַבּוּרְסִין בִּרְיָה. הַבֻּרְדְּסִין דֵּילְמָא. הַדַּלְמַטִּיקוֹן קוֹלְבִין וּמַעֲפוֹרִין וּמִנְעֲלוֹת הַפִּינוֹן דַּרְדְּסִין. HALAKHAH: Bursīn are birri144Latin birrus, i,m., also birrum, i,n. raincoat of silk or wool, mentioned in Ed.Diocl; garments in the style of the Gallic tribe of the Burri. In Sifry(loc.cit. 137) the garments are described as “not rectangular”; the Gallic tribes wore trousers and jackets, rather than togas.. Burdesīn are delma145The Rome ms. has דלמא but this is the Rome scribe’s usual style for the rhetorical דֵילֹמָא. The dictionaries explain the word from from Byzantine δουλαμά “loose garment, wrapping garment”; this would fit the context but H. L. Fleischer has shown that δουλαμά is derived from Turkish dolamak, “to wrap around”, cf. Turk. dolman “furtrimmed military jacket”; the dictionary explanation looks like an anachronism. R. Isaac Simponti reads הולמא.. Dalmatian garb are short sleeved tunics and overcoats. Pinon shoes are socks146Maimonides, while declaring his ignorance as to the meaning of these words, declares all four pieces of garment to be woolen calze “stockings”..
רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר אַף הַבָּאִין מֵחוֹף הַיָּם וּמִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם. מַה חוֹף הַיָּם וּמִמְּדִינַת הַיָּם אוֹ מֵחוֹף הַיָּם שֶׁמִּמְּדִינַת הַיָּם. מִן מַה דְתַנֵּי כְּגוֹן צוֹר וַחֲבֵרוֹתֶיהָ קֵיסָרִין וַחֲבֵרוֹתֶיהָ. הָדָא אָֽמְרָה מֵחוֹף הַיָּם שֶׁמִּמְּדִינַת הַיָּם. “Rebbi Yose says, those coming from the sea shore in maritime countries.” Does this mean “from the sea shore and from overseas countries” or “from the seashore of maritime countries”? Since it was stated: For example, Tyre and its surroundings, Caesarea (maritima) and its surroundings, it means “from the seashore of maritime countries”.
אֵינָן צְרִיכִין בְּדִיקָה. הָדָא דְּתֵימַר בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁלֹּא הָֽיְתָה הַפִּשְׁתָּן מְצוּיָה בְכָל־מָקוֹם. אֲבָל עַכְשָׁיו שֶׁהַפִּשְׁתָּן מְצוּיָה בְכָל־מָקוֹם צְרִיכִין בְּדִיקָה. “They do not have to be checked.” That means in earlier times when flax was not found everywhere. But today, when flax is found everywhere, they need to be checked.
מִנְעַל שֶׁל זֶרֶב. אִית אֲתָרִין דְּזָֽרְבִין עִימֵּיהּ מִן גַּו כְּהָדָא דְרִבִּי זְעִירָא מְפַקֵּד לְרִבִּי אַבָּא בַּר זְמִינָא וְיֹאמַר לְבַר רִאשׁוֹן דְּלָא יְחוּט לֵיהּ מְסָאנֵיהּ בְּכִיתָּן אֶלָּא בִרְצוּעָה. מוֹדֵי רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְּאָהֵן דְּאָסַר פֵיסְקֵי דַּעֲמַר עַל דְּכִיתָּן דְּהוּא שָׁרֵי. דְּהוּא שָׁנַץ גַּרְמֵיהּ דְּהִיא נַחְתָּא לָהּ. “Padded shoes”. There are places where they are padded from the outside149So that it should be clear that the shoes are not wholly made of leather.. As Rebbi Zeïra said to Rebbi Abba bar Zemina to tell Bar Rishon150Probably the shoemaker’s father was called בכור, Primus, or Protos. not to sew his shoes with flax but with [leather] strips. Rebbi Zeïra agrees that if one bound a woolen belt over a linen garment that would be permitted, for if he makes himself thin, it will fall down.
בְּעוֹן קוֹמֵי רִבִּי לָא. מַהוּ מֵיחוֹט מְסָאנֵיהּ דְּכִיתָּן. אֲמַר לוֹן בְּגִין דְּרִבִּי זְעִירָא. דְּרִבִּי זְעִירָא אָמַר אָסוּר. מוֹדֶה רִבִּי אִילָּא בָּהֵן דְּיִלְבַּשׁ דַּרְדְּסִין דַּעֲמַר עַל גַּבֵּי דַּרְדְּסִין דְּכִיתָּן דְּהוּא אָסוּר. דְּלָא שְׁלַח עִילֵּיָיא לָא שְׁלַח אַרְעֲיֵיא. אָבוֹי דְּרַב סַפְרָא שְׁאַל לְרִבִּי זְעִירָא מַהוּ מִיתַּן פְּרִיטִין גַּו גּוּלְתָה וּמִיקְטְרִינוֹן בְּחוּט דְּכִיתָּן. מַהוּ מִיתַּן פְּרִיטִין גַּו סַדִּינֵיהּ וּמִיקְטְרִינוֹן בְּחוּט דַּעֲמַר. אָמַר לֵיהּ חֲכַם רִבִּי לְרַב הוּנָא. דְּרַב הוּנָא אָמַר אָסוּר. רִבִּי אֲבִינָא אָמַר אָסוּר. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר מוּתָּר. רִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אָחָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יַסָּא אָמַר מוּתָּר. They asked before Rebbi Illaï: May one sew one’s shoes with flax? He said to them, because of Rebbi Zeïra, for Rebbi Zeïra said it is forbidden. Rebbi Illaï will agree that it is forbidden to wear woolen socks over linen socks since he cannot take off the inner ones unless he first takes off the outer ones. The father of Rav Safra asked Rebbi Zeïra: May one put coins in a woolen bag and tie it with a linen thread, or put coins on a linen cloth and tie it with a woolen thread? He said to him, does the rabbi not know Rav Huna? For Rav Huna said, it is forbidden. Rebbi Avina said, it is forbidden. Samuel said, it is permitted. Rebbi Jacob bar Ada in the name of Rebbi Yasa said, it is permitted.