משנה: הַמַּפְקִיד פֵּירוֹת אֵצֶל חֲבֵירוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה יוֹצִיא לוֹ חֶסְרוֹנוֹת. לַחִטִּין וְלָאוֹרֶז תִּשְׁעַת חֲצָאֵי קַבִּין לַכּוֹר. לַשְּׂעוֹרִין וְלַדּוֹחַן תִּשְׁעַת קַבִּין לַכּוֹר. לַכּוּסְמִין וּלְזֶרַע פִּשְׁתָּן שָׁלֹשׁ סְאִין לַכּוֹר הַכֹּל לְפִי הַמִּידָּה הַכֹּל לְפִי הַזְּמָן. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי וְכִי מָה אִיכְפַּת לָהֶן לָעַכְבָּרִין וַהֲלֹא אוֹכְלוֹת בֵּין מֵהַרְבֶּה וּבֵין מִקִּמְעָא. אֶלָּא אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ אֶלָּא כּוֹר אֶחָד בִּלְבַד. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר אִם הָֽיְתָה מִדָּה מְרוּבָּה אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ חֶסְרוֹנוֹת מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהן מוֹתִירוֹת. יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁתוּת לַיַּיִן. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר חוֹמֶשׁ. יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁלֹשֶׁת לוּגִּין שֶׁמֶן לְמֵאָה לוֹג וּמֶחֱצָה שְׁמָרִים לוֹג וּמֶחֱצָה בֶלֵע. אִם הָיָה שֶׁמֶן מְזוּקָּק אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁמָרִים. אִם הָיוּ קַנְקַנִּים יְשָׁנוֹת אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא לוֹ בֶלַע. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר אַף הַמּוֹכֵר שֶׁמֶן מְזוּקָּק לַחֲבֵירוֹ כָּל־יְמוֹת הַשָּׁנָה הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל עָלָיו לוֹג וּמֶחֱצָה שְׁמָרִים לְמֵאָה. MISHNAH: If somebody deposits produce with another person47It is understood that the recipient stores the depositor’s produce with his own. He has to return a given quantity, not exactly the produce given to him. If it is understood that he has to keep the other farmer’s produce separate, he simply returns the original produce in the original vessels without calculation., the latter returns it deducting losses48Grain eaten by mice and other pests., for wheat and rice 9/2 qab per kor49One kor is 30 se’ah; 1 se’ah is 24 log. The loss ratio is 9/1440 = 1/16 or .625%., for barley and millet nine qab per kor501.25%., for spelt and linseed three se‘ah per kor5110%.; everything proportional to quantity and time elapsed52The ratios indicated are per year.. Rebbi Joḥanan ben Nuri said, do the rats care, do they not eat from much as from little53This is incorrect; they breed quickly if there is an abundance of food.? But he only deducts what corresponds to one kor54He accepts proportionality in time but not in quantity. For him the amounts stated in the Mishnah are upper limits of what may be deducted in one year.. Rebbi Jehudah says, if it was a large quantity, he does not deduct because of the surplus55In his place, quantities over 1 kor, 0.384 m3, are measured with an ample supplement which should take care of the losses..
He deducts one sixth of wine; Rebbi Jehudah says a fifth. He deducts three log of oil per hundred, a log and a half lees56Fragments of olives swimming in the oil, to be filtered out., a log and a half absorption57Oil absorbed by the walls of the porous clay vessels in which the oil is stored.. If it was refined oil, he does not deduct lees; if the vessels were old, he does not deduct absorption. Rebbi Jehudah says, also if somebody sells refined oil during the entire year, [the buyer] accepts a log and a half lees per hundred58If the oil is sold at the going rate for unrefined oil, the seller may deliver refined oil, delivering only 98.5% of the quantity contracted for..
הלכה: הַמַּפְקִיד פֵּירוֹת אֵצֶל חֲבֵירוֹ כול׳. אָמַר רִבִּי אִמִּי. בְּשָׁעַת הַגּוֹרֶן שָׁנוּ. תַּמָּן אָֽמְרִין. אִילֵּין עַכְבָּרַייָא רְשִׁיעַיָּא כַּד חַמְייָן פֵּירֵי סַגִּין קַרְייָן לַחֲבֵירֵיהוֹן וְאָֽכְלִין עִמְּהוֹן. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. אוֹבְדוֹת הֵן מִתְפַּזְּרוֹת הֵן. HALAKHAH: “If somebody deposits produce with another person,” etc. Rebbi Immi said, they stated this at harvest time59The percentages are computed for a full year, from one harvest to the next; Babli 40a.. There, they say that these evil rats, if they see plenty of produce, call their friends and eat with them; Rebbi Joḥanan said, they waste, they squander60All give reasons why practice cannot follow R. Joḥanan ben Nuri..
יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁתוּת לַיַּיִן. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר חוֹמֶשׁ. אָמַר רַב אוֹשַׁעְיָה. בְּשֶׁלֹּא אָמַר לוֹ. שֶׁמֶן מְזוּקָּק אֲנִי מַעֲמִיד לָךְ כָּל־הַשָּׁנָה. אֲבָל אִם אָמַר לוֹ כֵּן חַייָב לְהַעֲמִיד לוֹ שֶׁמֶן מְזוּקָּק. “He deducts one sixth of wine; Rebbi Jehudah says a fifth.” Rav Oshaia said, if he did not tell him; “I am providing you with refined oil the entire year.” But if he said so, he has to provide him with refined oil61If he simply sold “oil” at the going rate, he can deliver a slightly smaller quantity of refined oil. But if he advertised “refined oil”, he has to deliver the full measure of refined oil, irrespective of price..