Jerusalem Talmud Bava Metzia 3:2

משנה: הַשּׁוֹכֵר פָּרָה מֵחֲבֵירוֹ וְהִשְׁאִילָהּ לְאַחֵר וּמֵתָה כְדַרְכָּהּ יִשָּׁבַע הַשּׁוֹכֵר שֶׁמֵּתָה כְדַרְכָּהּ וְהַשׁוֹאֵל יְשַׁלֵּם לַשּׂוֹכֵר. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי כֵּיצַד הַלָּה עוֹשֶׂה סְחוֹרָה בְּפָרָתוֹ שֶׁלַּחֲבֵירוֹ. אֶלָּא תַּחֲזוֹר הַפָּרָה לַבְּעָלִים. MISHNAH: If somebody lease²⁴Mishnah 7:8 states that the lessee pays for what is lost or stolen but not for what is robbed, or by natural causes is broken or dies. a cow from another person and then lends²⁵The borrower pays for anything that happens to the object he rented (Mishnah 7:8). it out to a third person. If it died a natural death, the lessee shall swear that it died a natural death and the borrower has to pay the lessee. Rebbi Yose said, how can this one treat another person’s cow as his merchandise²⁶Why should the lessee get the value of the cow and its owner get nothing?? But [the value of] the cow shall be returned to its owner.

הלכה: הַשּׁוֹכֵר פָּרָה מֵחֲבֵירוֹ כול׳. וְיֵשׁ לוֹ רְשׁוּת לְהַשְׁאִיל. וְלֹא כֵן תַּנֵּי רִבִּי חִייָה. אֵין הַשּׁוֹאֵל רַשַּׁאי לְהַשְׁאִיל וְלֹא הַשּׂוֹכֵר רַשַּׁאי לְהַשְׂכִּיר וְלֹא הַשּׁוֹאֵל רַשַּׁאי לְהַשְׂכִּיר וְלֹא הַשּׂוֹכֵר רַשַּׁאי לְהַשְׁאִיל אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן נָֽטַל רְשׁוּת מֵן הַבְּעָלִים. רִבִּי לָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יַנַּאי. וְהוּא שֶׁנָּתַן לוֹ לְהַשְׂכִּיר. וָכָא. וְהוּא שֶׁנָּתַן לוֹ רְשׁוּת לַעֲשׂוֹת בָּהּ אֶפִּיטְרוֹפָּא. רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ שָׁאַל. שְׁאָלוּהָ בְּעָלִים מִשּׂוֹכֵר וָמֵתָה כְדַרְכָּהּ יִשָּׁבַע הַשּׁוֹכֵר שֶׁמֵּתָה כְדַרְכָּהּ וְהַשׁוֹאֵל מְשַׁלֵּם לַשּׂוֹכֵר. וְאִין כֵּינִי אֲפִילוּ אֲכָלוּהָ. אָמַר רִבִּי אַבִּינָָּא. אָֽכְלוּ שֶׁלָּהֶן אָֽכְלוּ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. הֵיאַךְ הַלָּה עוֹשֶׂה סְחוֹרָה בְּפָרָה שֶׁלָּזֶה. אֶלָּא תַּחֲזוֹר פָּרָה לַבְּעָלִים. HALAKHAH: “If somebody lease a cow from another person,” etc. ²⁷This paragraph is a fragment from a lengthy discussion in Ketubot 9:5:3" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Ketubot.9.5.3">Ketubot9:5, Notes 128–145; Kiddushin 1:4:10" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Kiddushin.1.4.10">Qiddušin 1:4, Note 451. But does he have permission to lend it? Did not Rebbi Ḥiyya state: “The borrower cannot lend, nor the lessee lease, nor the borrower lease, nor the lessee lend, unless he received permission from the owners.” Rebbi La said in the name of Rebbi Yannai: Only if he gave permission to lease. And here, only if he gave permission to let him be a steward²⁸This sentence does not belong here; it refers to the question in Ketubot whether a wife who has been entrusted by her husband with the care of his properties may delegate her duties to her sons.. Rebbi Abbahu asked: If the owners borrowed it and it died of natural causes, should the lessee swear that it died a natural death and the borrower pay the renter²⁹If the owner is the borrower, the rule of the anonymous majority leads to a paradoxical result.? Rebbi Abinna said, if they ate it, they ate their own property. “Rebbi Yose said, how can this one treat another person’s cow as his merchandise? But [the value of] the cow shall be returned to its owner³⁰Therefore, practice has to follow R. Yose..”