וטעם מיין ושכר. אם נדר להיותו נזיר וקדוש מיין ושכר יזיר על דעת המעתיקים ששכר גדול מהתירוש ואחרים אמרו שכר ממש כל דבר שישתכר האדם ממנו: [HE SHALL ABSTAIN FROM WINE AND STRONG DRINK.] Its meaning is, if he took a vow to be a Nazirite and holy, then he shall separate himself from wine and strong drink. According to the transmitters of tradition, shekhar (strong drink) is aged wine.6In other words, shekhar refers to old wine while yayin refers to young wine. See Targum and Rashi. Others say that shekhar is to be taken literally; it refers to any drink that intoxicates a person.
וטעם חומץ יין והמשרה והענבים. לשום גדר שירחק מן היין כלל ובאשת מנוח פי' כל טומאה כל אשר יצא מגפן היין: [HE SHALL DRINK NO VINEGAR OF WINE…NEITHER SHALL HE DRINK ANY LIQUOR OF GRAPES, NOR EAT FRESH GRAPES.] This explains the oath.7Taken by the Nazirite. He must distance himself from anything connected to wine.8Hence he must not eat any grapes or grape products even if they are not intoxicating. In the account of the wife of Manoah,9The mother of Samson. Scripture states, and eat not any unclean thing (Jud. 13:7). She10Samson’s mother. may not eat of any thing that cometh of the grape-vine (Jud. 13:14).
משרת. אין לו חבר והתי"ו לסמיכת לשון נקבה וטעמו כל דבר שימס עם ענבים ויש אומרים משקה מבושל: LIQUOR OF. The word mishrat (liquor of) is not found elsewhere in Scripture. The tav indicates that the word is feminine and is in the construct. Mishrat anavim refers to anything that has been mashed with grapes. Others say that mishrat anavim refers to a cooked drink.11Made from grapes.