נפש כי תחטא. לעשות בשגגה אחת ממצות לא תעשה שיש עליהם כרת או מלקות. ומלת נפש כלל לישראל ולגר כי כן כתוב. ואחר כן פרט והחל מהכהן הגדול והוא הכהן המשיח: IF ANY ONE SHALL SIN. By inadvertently transgressing one of the negative commandments, the penalty for which is excision1Such as eating leaven on Passover (Ex. 12: 15). There are thirty-six transgressions for which the penalty of excision is prescribed. They are listed in Keritot 1:1. or flogging [for a deliberate act].2For such a transgression as eating food which is not kosher. The word nefesh3Literally, a person or a soul. (any one) takes in Israelites and strangers,4Non-Jews living in the Land of Israel. See notes on I.E. Lev. 13:3. for it is so stated.5The term nefesh is used in reference to a stranger in Ex. 23:9. It is widely used in Scripture to refer to Israelites. See Ex. 12:15. Scripture then goes into detail.6It goes on to describe the sin offerings to be brought by the various strata of society. It begins with the kohen gadol, the anointed kohen.